DieselShip's Online Content Library

Q2. If a ship is seriously damaged under water in way of a large fuel side bunker tank what is the immediate effect and what may ultimately happen? What features in the ship would enhance safety?

Q3. Name various statutory Certificates and Documents to be carried on board Gas Tankers giving reference to the conventions and justify for their requirement.

Q2. What is Metal-locking? What types of repairs are carried out by metal-locking? Describe the repair procedure using Metal-Locking.

Q2. What is soft starting of an Induction motor? Describe with a circuit using thyristors used for soft starting. Discuss its advantages and dis-advantages.

Q7. With reference to the 4-stroke medium speed engines:

A. Define the cause and effect of thermal stressing in cylinder Heads, liners and pistons.

B. Explain why thermal stressing are aggravated with increase in cylinder bore.

C. Explain how stress concentration and its effects are relieved by maintenance and operational practices.

Q9. With reference to Vacuum Sewage System

(a) Sketch & Describe a Vacuum Sewage System.

(b) State the advantages of Vacuum Sewage System.

(c) State the different causes of dropping vacuum.

Q1. As Second Engineer of a new ship,

A. Prepare standing orders for all future bunkering operations onboard;

B. State why it is very important to obtain a representative sample of heavy fuel bunkers taken.

C. State how a representative sample is obtained;

Q1. Describe the relationship between frictional resistance and

(a) Ship’s speed;

(b) the wetted area;

(c) surface roughness;

(d) The length of the vessel.

Q2. With reference to reciprocating air compressors explain the cause of the following faults.

A. Collapse of discharge valve springs;

B. Breakage of plate valves;

C. Overheating of the discharge air with an unrestricted air intake;

D. Inoperative piston rings.

Q2. Describe methods of static and dynamic balancing of an engine and describe what are first order, second order and higher order moments in engine.

Q1. Describe the importance of maintaining the quality of lube oil in maintaining the proper health of marine diesel engines highlighting the role of

(a) Automatic back flushing filters.       (b) Lube oil separators

(c) Magnetic filters                               (d) Visual Inspection                (e) Periodic laboratory tests.

Q1. With respect to the High Voltage power systems installation, explain the different types of circuit breaker that are used, comparing them on merits and de-merits. Describe the theory of arc phenomenon and the mechanism fitted to mitigate the arc.

Q3. With reference to collision bulkhead explain the following using sketches as required:
a. Purposes of collision bulkhead.

b. Construction of collision bulkhead.

c. Regulations governing the position and construction of such a bulkhead.

Q4. A. Draw a plan to deal with fire in accommodation, including co-ordination with shore facilities in port, taking account of the ship’s fire control plan;

B. Explain how drills and practices should be-organized with reference to the above.

Q3. Explain the matching of an induction electric motor to a pump required for main circulating duty, with the aid of pump characteristic and torque/ship diagrams.

Q3. The LT cooler of the centralized cooling water system on your ship is showing poor performance. What measures you would initiate to rectify the problem and improve the performance.

Q6. What is "virtual tappet" in the hydraulically actuated air spring return exhaust valves, and how is it set. Explain why the damage occurs to the seats of the exhaust valves due to furrowing and cutting and how an incident of "valve drop" leading to extensive damage to running gear can occur.

Q6. With reference to the fuel standards ISO-8217-2017 discuss the amendments made as compared to its previous edition. Explain the significance of the following:

(a) Pour point, cloud point and cold filter plugging point.

(b) Cat fines

(c) Fatty Acid methyl Easter

(d) Dissolved H2S in fuel.

Q9. With reference to “ISM Code” write short notes on:

A. Objectives of the ISM code.                         B. Resource and Personnel.

C. Masters Authority and Responsibility.          D. Functional requirement for a safety management system.

Q1. With reference to Ship stability:
a. With the help of a neat sketch explain the relevant features of a G-Z curve.

b. What are the effects of the below mentioned conditions on the G-Z curve:

i. Increased freeboard,         ii. Increased beam, and        iii. Increased GM.

Q3. (a) With the aid of a simple sketch, explain the “trouble spots” in a basic air-conditioning unit and with reference to your sketch, explain the following: -

(a). How the problem of increase in humidity of cooled air is overcome?

(b). How discomfort caused by the excessive drying effect of heated air is overcome?

Q2. With reference to U.M.S. operations:

A. State with reasons the essential requirements for unattended machinery spaces;

B. As second Engineer, describe how you would respond to the irretrievable failure of the Machinery space fire alarm system whilst the ship is on voyage.

Q2. How explosion occurs in the starting air line of an internal combustion engine and how can the possibility of such an occurrence be reduced? Sketch and describe devices, which may be fitted to reduce the severity of such an explosion. State the attention which air starting valves should be given before stand by.

Q9.  Reverse osmosis is one of the alternative method for shipboard production of drinking water.

(a)  Describe using simple diagrams if necessary,  the principle of reverse osmosis.

(b) (i) Sketch a line diagram showing a single pass system for producing fresh water from sea water

(ii) Describe such a system.

Q5. Explain with sketches the terms hogging and sagging Which structural members are affected to these conditions? State the type of stresses these members are subjected to under conditions.

Q8. With respect to Bunkering operation onboard:

 A) As Second Engineer of a new ship, prepare standing orders for all future bunkering operations onboard.

B.  State why it is very important to obtain a representative sample of heavy fuel oil bunkered and State how a representative sample is obtained

Q5. With reference to transformer answer following:

(a) Explain the construction of a lighting transformer used onboard.

(b) What is all day efficiency of a transformer?

(c) How are iron losses in the transformer made very negligible?

(d) In a short-circuit test performed on a transformer iron losses are negligible, why?

Q6. Enumerate the maintenance routines carried out for the proper functioning of the following systems:

A. Water hyper mist system   B. Smoke detection system

C. Quick closing valves                          D. Fire hydrants and hoses.

Q5. Sketch and describe Heavy fuel oil system of a large bore internal combustion engine and give temperature and pressure at important points. Discuss atomization, penetration and swirl and their inter relationship.

Q5. With respect to Gas carrier, Sketch and describe a ship's reliquefaction system for conditioning and reliquetuction of liquefied cargoes like propane and butane.

Q8. With the aid of sketches:
a. Explain various lines plan.
b. The half -breadths of waterplane of a ship of 120m length ad 15m breadth are given below:

Calculate i) Water plane area ii) TPC in salt water iii) Cw iv) LCF from Mid-ship

Q1. Explain the following terms/statement:

A. SEEMP.

B. Special Areas as defines in MARPOL 73/78.

C. EEDI

D.EEOI

Q8. A. Why is it important to maintain high efficiency of operation?  And low values of voltages regulation for power transformers?

B. A 100 KVA transformer has 400 turns on the primary and 80 turns on the secondary. The primary and secondary resistances are 0.3 and 0.01 respectively, and the corresponding leakage reactance’s are 1.1 and 0.035 respectively. The supply voltage is 2200 V. Calculate:

(i) The equivalent impedance referred to the primary circuit;

(ii) The voltage regulation and secondary terminal voltage for full load having a power factor of (i) 0.8 lagging and (ii) 0.8 leading.

Q1. Explain why auxiliary engine bottom-end bolts are prone to failure, even under normal running conditions. Identify those features, incorporated into the design of bottom-end bolts, to inhibit failure. Explain how this tendency is either aggravated or inhibited during maintenance and what checks are to be carried out.

Q5. Discuss the consequences of failure to maintain correct clearances in the case of main diesel engine crankshaft and bottom end bearings. Sketch a bottom end bearing paying particular attention to the arrangement of ensuring uninterrupted flow of oil to the top end bearing.

Q7. Discuss the causes of corrosion and the means by which corrosion of the following may be limited by manufacturers and ship’s personnel respectively:

A. Internal and External surfaces of auxiliary steam lines;

B. External surfaces of auxiliary boilers;

C. Water boxes of seawater coolers and condensers;

D. Main sea water inlet pipes.

Q4. With reference to the Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006, discuss the requirements for seafarers regarding;

A. Young seafarers onboard ships.      B. Repatriation. C. Seafarers Wages.

Q6. A. What is Prismatic Co-efficient (C_P). Derive the formula C_P = C_b/C_m , where  C_b= Co-efficient of fineness and C_m = midship section area co-efficient.

B. The length of a ship is 18 times the draught. while the breadth is 2.1 times the draught. At the load water plane, the water plane area co-efficient is 0.83 and the difference between the TPC in sea water and the TPC in fresh water is 0.7. Determine the length of the ship and the TPC in fresh water.

Q6. A. Explain what is meant by the terms wave form, frequency and average value.

B. A moving coil ammeter, a thermal ammeter and a rectifier are connected in series with a resistor across a 110 V sinusoidal a.c. supply. The circuit has a resistance of 50 to current in one direction and, due to the rectifier, an infinite resistance to current in the reverse direction. Calculate:

(i) The readings on the ammeters; (ii) The form and peak factors of the current wave.

Q8. If soon after joining a motor ship, you found a number of holding down bolts slack and fretting to have occurred in the area of slack bolts describe how you would handle the situation?

Q6. With Respect to main engine turbocharger;

A. Explain why cleanliness throughout the turbochargers system is critical to engine performance?

B. Describe in-service cleaning procedure for gas and air sides of a turbocharger indicating safety precautions to be observed?

Q7. With reference to auxiliary boiler safety valve:

A. Describe, with aid of a Sketch the safety valves for an auxiliary boiler;

B. Identify, with reasons, the part that require particularly close attention during overhaul;

C. Describe how the safety valves are reset after an overhaul.

Q8. With reference to the pump room of an oil tanker describe the following with particular emphasis on safety aspects;

(a) Ventilation system. (b) Procedure to be followed for pump room entry. (c) Lighting system.

Q9. With respect to Ship Propulsion:

a. Explain the various efficiencies associated with propeller and shafting arrangement.

b. When a propeller of 4.8 m pitch turns at 110 rpm, the apparent slip is found to be —S % and the real slip is 1.5 S %. If the wake speed is 25 % of the ship speed, calculate the ship speed, apparent slip and the real slip.

Q7. With reference to A.C Distribution system:

A. Define power factor and explain the effects of low power factor.

B. 72 KVA transformer supplies a heating and lighting load of 12 KW at unity power factor and a motor load of 70 kVA at 0.766 (lagging) power factor; Calculate the minimum rating of the power-factor improvement capacitors which must be connected in the circuit the ensure that the transformer does not become overloaded.

Q8. With reference to the exhaust gas boiler of your ship explain the following:

A. Composition and reasons of soot deposits.

B. Various stages of soot fire leading to high temperature fire.

C. Procedure to be followed for firefighting under different stages of soot fire.

D. Actions required prior to dry running of an exhaust gas boiler.

Q4. While operating at Sea during rough weather conditions, fire sparks have been observed coming out from the chimney. On investigation, it has been observed that the fuel contains considerable quantity of water and sludge. As the Second engineer of the vessel. Explain:
A. Immediate actions taken to rectify the problem.
B. Precautions you take to avoid recurrence of this type of problem.

Q7. With reference to Gear pumps used for lubricating oil transfer.

(a) Sketch and describe a gear type pump indicating the flow of fluid.

(b) state the materials that gear type pump components may be manufactured from.

(c) specify THREE applications that are suitable for the employment of gear type pumps.

Q8. A ship 100 m long floats at a draught of 6 m and in this condition the immersed cross-sectional areas and water plane areas are as given below. The equivalent base area (Ab) is required because of the fineness of the bottom shell.

.

Calculate EACH of the following:

(a) The equivalent base area value Ab;

(b) The longitudinal position of the center of buoyancy from midships;

(c) The vertical position of the center of buoyancy above the base.

Q2. With reference to free fall lifeboat of an ocean-going ship:

A. Periodical maintenance, tests and checks on lifeboat and releasing gear.

B. Secondary means of lowering.

C.  Lifeboat Drills.

Q9. A. List the factors that determine the starting torque of the three-phase induction motor. How does this torque generally compare with the value of the rated torque?

B. The low-voltage release of an a.c. motor-starter consists of a solenoid into which an iron plunger is drawn against a spring. The resistance of the solenoid is 35 ohm. When connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz, a.c. supply the current taken is at first 2A, and when the plunger is drawn into the “full-in” position the current falls to 0.7 A. Calculate the inductance of the solenoid for both positions of the plunger, and the maximum value of flux-linkages in weber-turns for the “full-in” position of the plunger.

Q9. During the past four months since you joined the ship as Second engineer a number of main engine exhaust valve have suffered from cracking and corrosion at the seating faces; Write a report to the Superintendent Engineer covering the following points:

A. An explanation detailing how the problem becomes evident;

B. Your action upon recognizing the extent and seriousness of the problem;

C. Your reasoned view regarding the possible causes of the problem;

D. Your recommendations to avoid future incidents.

Q9. A set of indicator diagrams cards has been taken for a main diesel engine. Analyze with reference to the following conditions and suggest corrective action in each case:
a. Higher peak pressure with normal compression pressure.
b. Normal peak pressure with lower compression pressure.
c. Higher peak pressure with higher compression pressure
d. Normal compression pressure with fluctuating pressure line during expansion stroke after ignition.

Q2. With reference to Flue gas Inert gas system:

A. Sketch a line diagram showing a typical 'Inert Gas System' used for inerting the cargo tanks of oil tankers, labelling the component parts.

B. Describe the system.

C. State what oxygen content you would expect in the flue gases if good combustion is achieved.

Q10. With reference to the wake of a vessel:

a. Explain Wake fraction and Quasi Propulsive co-efficient(QPC).

b. A ship travelling at 15.5 knots has a propeller of 5.5 m pitch turning at 95 rev/min. The thrust of the propeller is 380 KN and the delivered power 3540 KW. If the real slip is 20% and the thrust deduction factor O.198, calculate the Quasi Propulsive Coefficient (QPC) and the wake fraction.

Q10. A. Compare the effectiveness of a current limiting circuit breaker with that of a HRC fuse.

B. A coil having a resistance of 10 Ohm, and an inductance of 0.15 H is connected in series with a capacitor across a 100V, 50Hz supply. If the current and the voltage are in phase what will be the value of the current in the circuit and the voltage drop across the coil?