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Q7. Exhaust emission control is a major global issue and under serious consideration by world shipping. In this context, comment on the following: - A. Tier 2 and 3 emission regulation on main engine; B. Primary NOx reduction vis-a-vis secondary NOx reduction measures; C. SCR for NOx Emission Reduction; D. Scavenge Air Moisturizing & Exhaust Gas Recirculation for ME.

Q2. What are NOX & SOX limitations as per Annex VI of MARPOL. B. Briefly describe methods to control NOx emission and SOX emission.

Q2. With reference to four stroke diesel engine emission control:

(a) Describe how the Miller Cycle operates to control NOx emissions;

(b) Describe, with reasons, the modifications needed for a medium speed engine to operate on the Miller Cycle;

(c) give the advantages and disadvantages of closed against open scrubber systems.

Q2. With reference to diesel engine SOX exhaust gas cleaning and pollution control:

(a) State, with reasons, which system parameters are monitored, explaining where the monitoring devices are located, how the data is stored and how data is made available to regulatory authorities

(b) State how pollution of sea water can be caused by the use of SOX exhaust gas cleaning systems, explaining how such pollution is prevented.

Q8. With reference to four stroke diesel engine emission control:

(a) Describe how the Miller Cycle operates to control NOx emissions;

(b) Describe, with reasons, the modifications needed for a medium speed engine to operate on the Miller Cycle;