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Q4. (a) Sketch a semi balanced rudder of your choice showing: (10)

(i) A detail of the hinges or pintels about which rudder turns.

(ii) Details of the rudder carrier bearing, which supports the weight of the rudderstock and rudder.

(b) State advantages of semi balanced rudder over an unbalanced rudder. (6)

Q1: A. Outline the procedure for the inspection of the rudder in a dry dock.

B. What are the requirement with respect to steeling gear as per SOLAS 74, as amended for the following:

i. Relief valve;

ii. Steering gear control;

iii. Electrical power circuits.

Q2.a) State the circumstances that may lead to hollow rudder becoming flooded.

b) Describe how flooding of the rudder may become evident when a vessel is on Passage.

c) Describe the procedure for:

(i) Rudder examination:

(ii) Rudder repair:

Q5. Show by means of a sketch how transverse force is generated by turning a rudder. How is this force converted to turning moment? Can similar transverse force be generated by a transverse thruster? Where should this be located for maximum turning effect?

Q1. With reference to rudder carrier beings fitted to Merchant Ships: A. Sketch a bearing designed to transfer the full weight of the rudder to ships structure. B. Describe the consequence If the rudder carrier bearing surfaces become heavily scored. C. Describe the consequence of and the action to be taken, if the carrier shatters.

Q5. With reference to ship’s rudder state:-

Why can a breached hollow rudder add to fuel costs? (6)

Why excessive pintle clearance should not be tolerated? (5)

Why fitted bolts are used in connecting upper and lower stocks? (5)

Q6. Describe procedures for following maintenance works of rudder in dry dock.

a) What are pintle clearances and how they are measured? (5)

b) What is the procedure for inspection of Rudder? (5)

c) What is procedure for applying coating to internal surfaces of Rudder? (6)

Q4. Sketch a semi balanced rudder showing:

(a) A detail of the hinges or pintles about which rudder turns (4)

(b) Details of the rudder carrier bearing, which supports the weight of the rudderstock and rudder (4)

(c) State advantages of semi balanced rudder over an unbalanced rudder (4)

(d) What acts as "rudder stops"? What is their purpose and at what angle from mid position would you expect the rudder stops to be set (4)

Q5.a) Name the different type of rudders. (6)

b) Draw a labelled sketch of an unbalanced rudder fitted onto a rudder post (10)

Q2. a) Sketch the arrangement of rudder stock, bearings, glands and method of suspension of a pintleless rudder, labeling the components parts. (8)

b) State how the bearing wear down is measured and what prevents the rudder from jumping? (8)