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Q5. Regarding the carriage of crude oil and its associated products:

a) (i) State the dangers involved.

(ii) State what publications give guidance on safety.

b) Sketch and describe the operation of an explosimeter suitable for testing pump rooms or tanks.

c) Define the terms lower and upper flammable limits Illustrating your answer by means rough sketch of a hydrocarbon vapour oxygen graph.

Q8. With respect to tankers describe

(a) How pump room and cargo tankers are ventilated.

(b) The main problem of carrying liquefied natural gas

(c) How the boil off from liquified natural gas is handled.

Q2. With reference to Flue gas Inert gas system:

A. Sketch a line diagram showing a typical 'Inert Gas System' used for inerting the cargo tanks of oil tankers, labelling the component parts.

B. Describe the system.

C. State what oxygen content you would expect in the flue gases if good combustion is achieved.

Q6. With respect to tankers describes: - (16)

A. How a pump room is ventilated?

B. How cargo tanks are ventilated?

C. Cargo tank protection as per SOLAS 1974.

D. Additional alarms provided for inert gas systems of the ‘inert gas generator’ type.

Q9. A) Describe with the aid of a sketch the general arrangement of an oil monitoring system;

B. State the inputs that are recorded;

C. Differentiate between monitoring chambers using direct light and those using scattered light

D) Explain the problem to be overcome in the design of monitoring systems.