Q7. Exhaust emission control is a major global issue and under serious consideration by world shipping. In this context, comment on the following: - A. Tier 2 and 3 emission regulation on main engine; B. Primary NOx reduction vis-a-vis secondary NOx reduction measures; C. SCR for NOx Emission Reduction; D. Scavenge Air Moisturizing & Exhaust Gas Recirculation for ME.
Q5. With reference to MEPC 76, the combined technical and operational approaches to improve energy efficiency of ships and GHG reduction measures, explain the below mentioned new requirements.
(a) Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI)
(b) Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII) and CII rating.
Q5. GHG Ratings of ships have become new industry norms-Discuss various types of GHG Ratings applied to international shipping, with special focus on the role of second engineers in improving GHG ratings of ships.
Q8. With reference to four stroke diesel engine emission control:
(a) Describe how the Miller Cycle operates to control NOx emissions;
(b) Describe, with reasons, the modifications needed for a medium speed engine to operate on the Miller Cycle;
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