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Q4. A. Sketch a simplified circuit that may be incorporated in a control panel for an array of fire detectors. (8)

B. Describe the following features that may be found in a control panel for fire detectors:

i) Audible fire alarm circuits. (4)

ii) Identification, of zone of fire. (4)

iii) Automatic change, over from normal power supply. (4)

Q8. Sketch and describe the following detectors, explaining their mode of operation and Stating where they would be fitted in the machinery spaces:

(a) Heat Detector

(b) combustion or smoke detector.

State the regulations that govern the fixing of these detectors. (20)

Q7. With reference to equipment supplied to detect and combat hold fires in dry cargo ships:

a) Describe, for a ship that carries dangerous cargo, the bridge-based detection arrangement, (10)

b) Explain how fires described in (a) above are dealt with bearing in mind that cargo quantity varies. (10)

Q7. a) Sketch and describe a total flooding CO2 gas system suitable for the protection of machinery spaces. (10)

b) State, with reasons, which valve should be operated first in the system shown in (a). (5)

c) Explain the procedure of entry into the compartment after discharge of CO2.  (5)

Q7. a) C02 is to be released in engine room in case of fire. Briefly describe steps taken before it can be released. What means are provided to prevent inadvertent release of C02 in engine room? (12)

b) Briefly discuss the procedure for re-entering the engine room after the release of CO2. (8)

Q1. With reference to fire smothering agents explain as to why:

A. Effectiveness of foam is directly related to its degree of effervescence and surface tension? (7)

B. Low expansion foam is best suited for use against localized fire, whilst high expansion foam is most effective in major conflagrations?        (7)

C. In the absence of foam appliances, water jets can be effectively used against oil fires? (6)

Q2. a) C02 is to be released in engine room in case of fire. Briefly describe steps taken before it can be released. (7)

b) What means are provided to prevent inadvertent release of C02 in engine room? (7)

c) How the number of CO2 bottles required for a ship is calculated? (6)

Q2. a) Briefly describe the cargo hold fire detection system on a bulk carrier, and how does the system function to detect and alert the crew to the presence of a fire? (10)

b) Give reasons why fire detectors in cargo holds differ from those in machinery spaces. (5)

c) Describe how to verify that each is in working order. (5)

Q5. a) List the precautions that must be taken before releasing CO₂ into the engine room in the event of a fire. Why is it critical to ensure these steps are followed to safeguard crew and equipment? (7)

b) Describe the actions that should be taken immediately after CO₂ release to manage the fire and prevent re-ignition. (6)

c) Explain the factors that determine the quality of CO₂ required for effective fire suppression in ship’s engine room. Outline the formula and method used to calculate the number of CO₂ bottles needed on board. (7)

Q9. With reference to an automatic water sprinkler, fire detecting alarm and extinguishing system for accommodation spaces:

a) Sketch a typical system. (4)

b) Describe the operation of this system. (4)

c) State the sources of water available. (2)

d) Describe the sprinkler head and its operation. (3)

e) State how the temperature rating of the sprinkler head is determined. (3)

Q6. Enumerate the maintenance routines carried out for the proper functioning of the following systems:

A. Water hyper mist system   B. Smoke detection system

C. Quick closing valves                          D. Fire hydrants and hoses.

Q8. (a) Draw and explain a fixed Foam fire fighting system. (12)

(b) What is the proportion ratio of both high expansion and low expansion Foam fire fighting system? (4)

(c) What periodic test are carried out to ensure the readiness of the fixed foam fire fighting system? (4)