Q7. Improving efficiency of propellers is recognized as a growing means to improve energy efficiency of ships. Discuss any three of the following high-efficiency propellers with its merits and demerits:
a) Ducted Propellers
b) Kappel Propellers
c) Cortra rotating Propellers.
d) Azimuth Propulsion.
Q1. Container ships have very large cargo hatch openings.
a) Describe how this ship type is susceptible to torsion and how the structure is designed to combat torsional stress.
b) Describe the problem created by discontinuities in longitudinal structure.
c) State THREE points of discontinuity, in any ship type, describing how the problems are overcome
Q4. IMO has adopted amendments to MARPOL annex 6 in MEPC 76 as part of its short term measures under GHG reduction. New regulation have been introduced on EEXI and operational CII to achieve the goals.
Discuss in detail the IMO guidelines for calculation, survey and certification of EEXI and calculation of CII.
Q5. Optimization of ship dimensions is recognized as means to improve energy efficiency of ships. Discuss scope and impact of optimization of the following in improving energy efficiency of ships. Ships size and capacity. Service speed. Principle dimensions.
Q5. Optimization of hull Forms is recognized as means to improve energy efficiency of ships.
Discuss scope and impact of optimization of the following in improving energy efficiency of ship :(i) Forebody optimization (ii) Aftbody Optimization (iii) Twin Skeg Design.
Q4. Discuss the importance of the following to be examined for meeting EEDI limitations: A. Slimmer vessels with lower block coefficients; B. Long-Stroke engines; C. Low revolution large diameter propellers.
Q3. a) IMO has introduced the EEXI requirements under MARPOL Annex VI Chapter IV for existing vessels from 2023 as a measure towards reduction of C02 emissions from shipping.
a) Explain the various design features adopted in the existing vessels to comply with the present EEXI which meets the EEXI framework under Phase 2 ( f 20% - 30% reduction).
b) Explain the concept of CII rating and critically discuss the role of measuring metrics of AER and EEOI. What are the measures required to be taken by the vessel to improve its CII ratings.
Q1. a) What do you understand by the term ‘EEXI’? Provide an overview and its implementation process. (8)
b) Discuss the improvement methods commonly considered in order to achieve energy efficiency optimization with respect to EEXI? (12)
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