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Q3. With reference to radial lip seals for propulsion shafting :

(a)  Describe, with the aid of a sketch, an outboard seal arrangement as fitted to an oil lubricated stern tube;

(b)  Explain, with reasons, the possible actions that should be taken in the event of loss of oil from the header tank.

Q5. A. State why fixed pitch propellers have a poor efficiency when going astern.

B. With reference to controllable pitch propellers state:

i. Why is it preferable that the main servomotor be housed in the propeller hub rather than in the shafting forward of the propeller shaft?

ii. What regular maintenance and checks should be carried out to ensure maximum reliability of the gear at all times?

Q8. A. State the advantages of using steam turbine propulsion power for vessels carrying LNG cargo. B. With regard to the use of L.N.G. cargo as boiler fuel explain: (i)The safety precautions relating to the gas pipeline supplying the boiler and burning the gas in the boiler, (ii) The means of getting rid of “excess gases” during loading or discharge.

Q4. As a Second engineer, how will you guide your subordinate engaged in sampling of ballast water as per the Port State Control requirement regarding (i) Discharge line sampling (ii) In-tank sampling (iii) Health and safety protocols during sampling.

Q5. GHG Ratings of ships have become new industry norms-Discuss various types of GHG Ratings applied to international shipping, with special focus on the role of second engineers in improving GHG ratings of ships.

Q2. Cast iron is most widely used metal after steel in Marine Engineering. Most cast irons consist of graphite in steel like matrix. Discuss the variation of properties that may arise with reference to pearlitic grey cast iron and spherical grey cast iron. Describe briefly the treatment necessary to produce these two types of Irons.

Q7. What are the major types of stainless steels used on merchant ships? Briefly explain each type. Which grades would you recommended for use in sea water environment? Why?

Q7. Discuss the causes of corrosion and the means by which corrosion of the following may be limited by manufacturers and ship’s personnel respectively:

A. Internal and External surfaces of auxiliary steam lines;

B. External surfaces of auxiliary boilers;

C. Water boxes of seawater coolers and condensers;

D. Main sea water inlet pipes.

Q9. (a) What different methods are used for preserving ship’s hull during service. What type of antifouling coats are used.

(b) State what materials are being banned by international regulation for use in Antifouling coats and the reason for banning.

(c) Discuss briefly how does paint coating on deck differ from that on super structure.