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Q1. With reference to the 0.5% sulphur limit applied to residual fuel oils applicable from 1st Jan 2020, enumerate the regulations in the MARPOL convention according which this limit is applied globally. Also prepare a plan for changeover of ships fuel oil tanks and engine fuel oil systems to low (0.5%) sulphur fuel oil so that the ships tanks are ready to comply with the new regulations.

Q1. Discuss the principles of Marine Insurance. Explain each of the principle with suitable examples.

Q4. Discuss with merits and demerits of different principles used to operate reciprocating internal-combustion engines on gas, with special focus on the following:
a. Pre-mixed Low-pressure Gas injection.
b. High-pressure Gas injection Diesel - Gas engines.

Q4. Referring to the Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006, discuss:

a) Flag State & Port State responsibilities.

b)On-board & On-shore Compliant Procedures.

c) Detainable deficiencies.

d) Grievance Redressal Mechanisms for Indian seafarers.

Q5. Your owners have asked you to propose suitable retrofit for your ship with Ballast water Management Equipment, Give a reasoned response.

You may make any assumptions but list the assumptions in the beginning.

Q9. (a) Describe the background and relevance of the International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, 2001.

(b)Define the following under Bunker Convention and explain how they differ from other similar Convention such as CLC’92.

(i) Pollution damage

(ii) Bunker oil

(iii) Time limits for claims

(iv) Exclusions.

Q7. Discuss the procedure of entry into force of An IMO convention after its adoption? State the provision and its importance towards entry into force of the convention. For a convention of important technical nature state the general rules/conditions observed by the states for its entry into force. Explain the terms (i) Accession (ii) Signature subject to Ratification, acceptance or approval.

Q1. Define communication. Enumerate and discuss the different types of communications. Discuss the various barriers to effective communication.

You are doing a main engine decarbonisation and the work is carried out in two groups, one working on the cylinder head platform and the other group working in the bottom platform. Identify the areas in this operation where there can be a hazard due to failure of communication. Also suggest risk mitigation measures to mitigate the hazard of failure of communication.

Q9. The initial IMO strategy for GHG reduction adopted at MEPC 72 is the first milestone set out in the roadmap for developing a comprehensive IMO strategy on reduction of GHG emissions from ships:

(a) Define the objectives of this Initial Strategy.

(b) State the levels of ambition identified in the Initial Strategy.

(c) List out the small term, mid-term and long term candidate measures with possible timelines as discussed in the IMO Strategy for reduction of GHG emissions.