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Q4. a) What are the advantages of corrugated bulkheads? (6)

b) Sketch and describe a corrugated transverse watertight bulkhead (10)

Q2. (a) Describe in detail how brittle fracture is instrumental in causing failure of materials. (6) (b) Describe how a material is tested to assess the resistance to this type of failure. (4)

(c) Suggest where this type of failure would be likely and explain how the likelihood of failure is reduced. (6)

Q3. With reference to hull protection against corrosion and fouling, write a brief explanation of each of the following:

(a) Sacrificial anodes (6)

(b) Impressed Current system (6)

(c) Means of preventing marine growth and fouling (4)

Q4. Define the following stating how they affect the ship structure and what component parts of the ship structure help to resist the effect:

(a) Racking (4)

(b) Panting (4)

(c) Pounding (4)

(d) Vibration from engine and propellers. (4)

Q4.a) What is the fundamental purpose of a ‘Load line’ marking on ships? (5)

b) Sketch and describe the features of a ‘Load line’ marking. (6)

c) Name five conditions that must be met before freeboard is assigned to a ship. (5)

Q8. (a) Explain why the draught of a ship decreases when it passes from fresh water to seawater and vice versa (6)

(b) A bulkhead 9 m deep is supported by vertical stiffeners 750 mm apart. The bulkhead is flooded to the top edge with sea water on one side only. Calculate: (10)

(a) Shearing force at top

(b) Shearing force at bottom

(c) Position of zero shear

Q6. (a) What is the purpose of conducting an inclining experiment on a new vessel? (6)

(b) When a mass of 6t is moved transversely through a certain distance on a ship of 4300t displacement, the deflection of an 11m pendulum is found to be 120 mm. The transverse meta-centre is 7.25 m above the keel and KG 5.46 m. Find the distance through which 6t was moved. (10)

Q9. A hopper barge of box form 50 m long and 10 m wide floats at a draught of 2 m in seawater when the hopper, which is 15 m long and 5 m wide, is loaded with mud having relative density twice that of the seawater, to the level of the waterline. Doors in the bottom of the hopper are now opened allowing the mud to be discharged. Calculate the new draught. (16)

Q6.a) Sketch and describe the midship section of a bulk carrier, labelling the structural members. (6)

b) A vessel 40 m long has a constant cross-section in the form of a trapezoid 10 m wide at the top, 6 m wide at the bottom and 5 m deep. It floats in sea water at a draught of 4 m. Calculate its displacement. (10)

Q1. (a) Explain what is meant by longitudinal framing and transverse framing? (8)

(b) Which types of ships would have these methods of construction? Give reasons (8)

Q2. What are the main functions of:

(a) Fore peak (4)

(b) After peak (4)

(c) Deep tank (4)

(d) Double bottom (4)

Give examples of liquid carried in these tanks

Q3. With regards to the metacentric height, which of the following statements is true? (16)

(a) It is used to indicate the quality of initial stability.

(b) It is located below the center of buoyancy.

(c) It is measured vertically above the center of buoyancy.

(d) Its determination is the objective of the inclining experiment. Briefly justify your answer.

Q4. (a) Sketch a semi balanced rudder of your choice showing: (10)

(i) A detail of the hinges or pintels about which rudder turns.

(ii) Details of the rudder carrier bearing, which supports the weight of the rudderstock and rudder.

(b) State advantages of semi balanced rudder over an unbalanced rudder. (6)

Q1.a) Describe the following and explain their function (8)

i) Hawse pipe

ii) Spurling pipe

iii) Cable stopper

b) With the aid of a sketch of a ship bow show the arrangement of anchor cable from anchor to chain locker. (8)

Q6. (a) Define Centre of Flotation. What happens to the draught and trim of a ship if a small mass is added to the ship at the Centre of Flotation? (6)

(b) A ship of displacement 10010 tonnes has KM 6.7m and GM 0.76m. A mass of 10 tonnes having KG 7.6m is shifted transversely. The deflection of a pendulum of length 7.6m is 0.125m. Find the distance through which the mass is shifted. Also find the position of the new centre of gravity above the keel due to the removal of the same mass. (10)

Q7. (a) What is meant by statical stability? What are the factors that influence stability? (6)

(b) A box barge 25 m long and 4 m wide floats in fresh water at a draught of 1.2 m and has an empty mid length compartment 5 m long. The bottom of the barge is lined with teak (rd 0.805) 120 mm thick. After grounding all the teak is torn off and the centre compartment laid open to the sea. Calculate the final draught. (10)

Q8. The ½ ordinates of a waterplane 120 m long are as follows:

Section AP ½  1  1½  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  8½  9  9½  FP

½ord 1.2  3.5  5.3  6.8  8.0  8.3  8.5  8.5  8.5  8.4  8.2  7.9  6.2  3.5  0 m

Calculate:

a) waterplane area

b) distance of centroid from midships. (16)

Q6. A ballast tank is 15 m long, 12 m wide and 1.4 m deep and is filled with fresh water. Calculate the load on the top and short side, if:

a) the tank is just completely full

b) there is a head of 7m of water above the tank top. (16)