Q4. a) Why is it important to maintain high efficiency of operation? And low values of voltages regulation for power transformers? (6)
b) A shunt motor supplied at 230 V runs at 900 rpm. When the armature current is 30 A, the resistance of the armature circuit is 0.4 Ω. Calculate the resistance required in series with the armature circuit to reduce the speed to 500 rpm. Assume that the armature current is 25 Amps. (10)
Q5. a) What is back emf? Derive the relation for the back emf and the supplied voltage in terms of armature resistance (6)
b) The earth-lamps on a main switchboard comprise two 240 V 60 W lamps connected in the usual manner. The potential difference at the busbars is 220 V. Damage by sea water occurs to a distribution cable so that the insulation resistance to the earth is reduced to 16 ohms and 6 ohms for +ve and -ve cables respectively. Find by calculation:
a) Which of the two lamps burns the brighter:
b) The additional load on the generators occasioned by the fault. The resistance of the cables and the ship’s structure may be neglected, and that of the lamps taken as constant at the value corresponding to the 60 W rating. (10)
Q7. Write reference to gravity lifeboat davits; state the purpose of the following:
a) Centrifugal brake.
b) Dead man’s handle.
c) Davit limit switch. (16)
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