DieselShip's Online Content Library

Q1. (a) Sketch and describe the construction and working principle of an air staring valve used in a two-stoke main engine. (10)

(b) Discuss common faults associated with air staring valves, their possible consequences, and maintenance or safety measures taken to ensure reliable operation. (6)

Q1. a) Define hogging and sagging with the help of neat sketches. Explain the causes of these structural conditions and when they are most likely to occur during a voyage. (8)

b) Discuss the effects of hogging and sagging on a ship’s structural integrity. What measures are taken in design, loading, and operation to minimize their impact? (8)

Q1. Prepare a proposal for safe manning requirements for a ship of your choice taking into account the IMO guidelines on the issue, also considering frequent port calls, rest hour management and high-risk areas. (20)

--- PREVIOUSLY ASKED AS ---

2019/JUL/06

Q6. Prepare a proposal for safe manning requirements for a ship of your choice, considering frequent port calls, rest hour management and high risk areas.

Q1. Differentiate between half and full wave rectification. State where half wave rectification may be used and the purpose for which it is not well adapted. Sketch a bridge connection by which full wave rectification may be obtained. (16)

Q1. Sketch and show all parts of a two-stroke engine stuffing box. Describe the procedure of overhauling two stroke engine stuffing box, without removing piston. Answer should include all safety precautions and necessary tools used for stuffing box overhaul. (16)

- - - PREVIOUSLY ASKED - - -

Q1. Sketch and show all parts of a two-stroke engine stuffing box. Describe the procedure of overhauling two stroke engine stuffing box, without removing piston. All safety precautions and proper tools used for overhaul to be mentioned. (16)

Q1. With reference to the fuel standards ISO-8217-2017 discuss the amendments made as compared to its previous edition. Explain the significance of the following:

(a) Pour point, cloud point and cold filter plugging point.

(b) Cat fines

(c) Fatty Acid methyl Ester

(d) Dissolved H2S in fuel.

Q2. (a) Explain the purpose and working principle of the Load Dependent Cooling System (LDCS) in a two-stroke main engine. With the help of a diagram, describe how the system varies cooling water flow with engine load. (10)

(b) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using a load dependent cooling system over a conventional constant flow cooling system. What issues may arise if the system malfunctions. And how are they addressed? (6)

Q2. Differentiate between annual, intermediate, renewal, damage and repair surveys. What are the purposes of each survey onboard? Also, enlist all statutory certificates carried onboard, their issuing authority, and the IMO Convention under which they are issued. (20)

Q2. a) Define the term angle of loll. Explain the conditions under which it occurs and support your answer with a diagram showing the stability curve and ship’s position at the angle of loll. (8)

b) Describe the actions to be taken to correct the angle of loll and restore positive stability. What precautions must be taken during the corrective process to avoid worsening the situation? (8)

Q8. How do preventive, predictive and corrective maintenance strategies differ in the management of ship equipment, and what are the advantages and disadvantages of each approach in ensuring the reliability and longevity of machinery onboard ship? (16)

Q2. NOx Tier-III requirements are getting mandatory as per MARPOL Annex VI. In this context, briefly explain the following:

a) Working principles and Components in a SCR system. (6)

b) Operational sequence of a NOX control SCR plant. (5)

c) Operational difficulties in SCR systems. (5)

Q2. A. Describe with the aid of a simple sketch the arrangement of the three-phase winding of an alternator showing the neutral point. (6)

B. Explain why for most ships the neutral point is insulated. (5)

C. Explain why in some installation the neutral point is Earthed? (5)

Q3. A. Define the meaning of the term "Conditions of Assignment" as applied to ships; (7)

B. State how conditions of assignment contribute towards the watertight integrity of ships; (7)

C. Give reasons why conditions of assignment need periodic inspection, giving specific instances where they can be found to be less than fully effective. (6)

Q3. a) Describe the key phases and microstructures present in the iron-carbon equilibrium diagram and explain their significance in the heat treatment of steel. (8)

b) How do the different regions of the iron-carbon diagram influence the mechanical properties of steel, such as hardness, toughness, and ductility? Provide examples of how specific compositions and heat treatments can achieve desired properties. (8)

Q3. Express your reactions and state the subsequent investigation you would make if a laboratory report on a used diesel engine oil sample indicated the presence of appreciable amounts of: (16)

A. Iron

B. Copper

C. Antimony and Tin

D. Silicon

E. n-pentane and toluene insoluble.

--- PREVIOUSLY ASKED AS ---

2015/OCT/04 - 2011/MAR/04

Q4. Express your reactions and state the subsequent investigation you would make if a laboratory report on a used diesel engine oil sample indicated the presence of appreciable amounts of: - A. Iron; B. Copper, antimony and tin; C. Silicon.

Q3. Discuss the need for adequate support of engine room gantry cranes, detailing the following

a) Sketch section through the engine room casing showing how the crane is supported by the ship structure. (6)

b) State what restricts the forward and aft limits of the crane and what is fitted to prevent the crane damaging the forward and aft bulkheads or casing. (5)

c) State the Second Engineer’s responsibilities for the engine room gantry crane. (5)

Q3. A. State the necessary conditions required prior to the synchronizing of electrical alternators. (4)

B. Describe the type of cumulative damage that may be caused when alternators are incorrectly synchronized. (4)

C. Explain how the damage referred to in (b) can be avoided / reduced. (4)

D. For two alternators operating in parallel state the consequences of: (4)

(i) Reduced torque from the prime mover of one machine.

(ii) Reduced excitation on one machine.

Q3. With reference to the Crosshead of Large two-stroke engines:

A. Explain how crosshead and guide shoe clearances are checked, in large 2 stroke engines. (8)

B. Explain how crosshead alignment is checked and adjusted. (8)

Q1. (a) Describe the different types of cams used in marine main engines. Explain their functions and how the cam profile affects the operation of exhaust valves, fuel pumps, and starting air systems. (10)

(b) What is a negative cam? Explain its purpose, constructional features, and where it is typically used in main engine. (6)

Q4. (a) State the difference between an audit and survey. (4)

(b) State the action taken by a recognized organization carrying out ISM certification on behalf of the Administration towards handling of an ISM certificate in case: (10)

(i) When there is evidence of a major nonconformity

(ii) When nonconformities are found

(iii) When an extension of the Safety Management Certificate is requested for

(iv) When revision of an entry for a certificate is requested for

(c) Under What circumstances SMC and DOC may be invalidated? (6)

Q4. Describe the different types of crankshafts used in marine diesel engines. Highlight their constructional features, materials used, and typical applications. (8)

(b) Compare the advantages and disadvantages of semi-built and solid forged crankshafts with respect to strength, repairability, manufacturing process, and suitability for different engine sizes. (8)

Q4. a) As per SOLAS regulations, what checks and tests must be carried out on the steering gear system before the ship’s departure from port? Explain the procedures involved and the documentation required. (8)

b) Explain the construction, working and purpose of hunting gear in a steering gear system. What are the consequence of its failure? (8)

Q1. A. Explain in detail, how an underwater survey is carried out. (7)

B. State the requirements to be fulfilled before an underwater survey is acceptable to the survey authority. (5)

C. Construct a list of the items in order of importance that the underwater survey authority should include. (4)

- - -PREVIOUSLY ASKED - - -

Q3. With reference to Underwater Inspection in lieu of Dry docking (UWILD)

A. Explain in detail, how an underwater survey is carried out. (6)

B. State the requirements to be fulfilled before an underwater survey is acceptable to the survey authority. (5)

C. Construct a list of the items in order of importance that the underwater survey authority should include. (5)

Q1. A. What is intrinsic electric safety? (6)

B. Can live maintenance be done on intrinsically safe circuits? (5)

C. Describe intrinsically safe equipment used on board ship. (5)

Q5. a) Explain the objectives and scope of SOLAS Chapter XII. What are the structural and operational safety measures required for bulk carriers carrying high-density cargoes? (10)

b) Discuss the requirements related to the fitting of water ingress alarms and loading/unloading procedures. Why are these measures critical for the safety of bulk carriers? (10)

Q5. a) Describe the actions and checks required to ensure that a crosshead main propulsion engine may be operated in a slow steaming condition. (8)

b) Explain the problems which may arise during a prolonged period of slow steaming. (4)

c) Explain what actions should be taken before and after the engine is returned to normal operation after a period of slow steaming. (4)

Q5. Describe the effect of the following on the ship’s stability. (16)

A. Ice formation on superstructures

B. Effects of wind and waves

C. Changes that takes place during the ships voyage

D. Bilging of a compartment

E. While water is being pumped out from the dry dock.

Q5. A. (i) Sketch a diagrammatic arrangement of a static or self-excited alternator. (5)

(ii) Describe the operation of the self-excited alternator. (5)

B. State why the voltage dip is less in the self-excited alternator than in brushless or conventional alternators. (6)

Q5. Describe briefly the methods of carrying out a bend test and an impact test. Illustrate the general form of the test pieces used and state how the final results are given for comparison of different materials. Of what practical use are the figures obtained? (16)

Q5. With reference to fuel oil viscosity: (16)

(a) Explain why correct fuel oil viscosity is necessary

(b) Describe TWO methods for the measurements of viscosity that are suitable for the inclusion into a pneumatic or electronic control system.

(c) State, with reasons, a control action for a viscosity controller.

Q6. a) Briefly discuss the purpose and structure of MLC, 2006. (7)

b) What are the health and safety protections offered to seafarers under MLC? (7)

c) Describe the onboard complaint procedures as per MLC. (6)

Q6. (a) Explain the need for a moment compensator in large two-stroke marine engines. With the help of a neat sketch, describe the construction and working principle of a moment compensator. (10)

(b) Discuss the consequences of failure or incorrect functioning of the moment compensator in a two-stroke engine. What checks and maintenance practices are recommended to ensure its reliability? (6)

Q6. A. Describe the stability requirements of a ship for dry-docking.

B. A ship of 8000 tonne displacement, 110m long, floats in sea water of 1.024t/m3 at draughts of 6m forward and 6.3 m aft. The TPC is 16, LCB 0.6 m aft of midships, LCF 3m aft of midships and MCT1cm 65 tonne m, the vessel now moves into fresh water of 1.000t/m3. Calculate the distance a mass of 50 tonne must be moved to bring the vessel to an even keel and determine the final draught.

Q8. a) Describe the inspection, which is required to be carried out in the dry-dock after the stern of a ship has heavily struck a dock wall. (8)

b) The propeller is found to be damaged, and it is decided to fit the spare propeller. Describe the process and mention the precautions to be taken to ensure correct assembly. (8)

Q3. With reference to propeller shaft alignment:

a) state the objectives of a satisfactory alignment

b) state the conditions that must be met to achieve satisfactory alignment

c) explain what is meant by fair curve alignment.

d)Define "sag and gap" in shaft alignment calculation.

Q6. A. What are factors on which the speed of a motor depends? Discuss them for series and shunt motors. (6)

B. A shunt motor supplied at 230 V runs at 900 rpm. When the armature current is 30 A, the resistance of the armature circuit is 0.4 𝛀, calculate the resistance required in series with the armature circuit to reduce the speed to 500 rpm. Assume that the armature current is 25 Amps. (10)

Q7. a) Explain the purpose and objectives of the Ballast Water Management (BWM) Convention, Describe the D-1 and D-2 standards specified under the convention, highlighting the key differences between them. (10)

b) Describe the ballast water exchange methods used on board ships. Explain the three main methods and discuss the precautions and limitations associated with each. (10)

Q7. a) Describe the effect of cavitations on the propeller blades. (6)

b) A ship of 15000 tonne displacement has an Admiralty Coefficient, based on shaft power, of 420. The mechanical efficiency of the machinery is 83%, shaft losses 6%, propeller efficiency 65% and QPC 0.71. At a particular speed the thrust power is 2550 Kw. Calculate: (10)

(i) Indicated power

(ii) Effective power

(iii) Ship speed.

Q7. a) Define Specific Cylinder Lubricating Oil Consumption (SCLOC) in a two-stroke marine diesel engine. Derive the formula for SCLOC and explain the procedure for calculating it during normal engine operation. (10)

b) Discuss the factors affecting SCLOC and explain the procedure adopted onboard to optimize cylinder oil consumption. Include methods used for monitoring and adjusting the cylinder lubrication system. (6)

Q7.a) Derive an expression for the emf induced in an A.C. generator. (6)

b) A 3000 KVA, 6-pole alternator runs at 1000 r.p.m. in parallel with other machines on 3300V bus-bars. The synchronous reactance is 25%. Calculate the synchronizing power for one mechanical degree of displacement and the corresponding synchronizing torque. (10)

Q7. Explain the purpose and main components of an air conditioning system used on ships. Describe the layout and working of the system with the help of a neat diagram. Discuss the function of the unloader in the compressor and its importance during system operation. (10)

(b) Name the thermodynamic cycle on which the marine air conditioning system operates. Explain this cycle using a pressure-enthalpy (P-h) diagram and describe the role of each component in the cycle. (6)

Q4. During the overhaul of medium- speed auxiliary diesel generator you find that the white metal of one of the bottom end bearings has cracked. Explain how you would fit a spare bearing and enumerate the various tests you would carry before putting the machine back into service. (16)

Q9. a) With respect to Buoyancy of a vessel: What do you understand by reserve buoyancy what happen if the lost buoyancy is greater than the reserve buoyancy? (6)

b) A forward deep tank 12 m long extends from a longitudinal bulkhead to the ship’s side. The widths of the tank surface measured from the longitudinal bulkhead at regular intervals are 10, 9, 7, 4 and 1 m. Calculate the second moment of area of the tank surface about a longitudinal axis passing through its centroid. (10)

Q6. With reference to keyless propellers explain:

a) Why keys and keyways have been eliminated

b) How angular slip is avoided

c) Why mounting upon and removal of a propeller shaft requires a different technique than that employed for propeller with keys.

d) State with reasons why use of wedges and jacks are not advisable when removing the propeller from its shaft

Q9. A. Explain the purpose of interpoles and state their magnetic polarity relative to the main poles of both generators and motors. (6)

B. A 200V, long-shunt compound-wound generator has a full-load output of 20kW. The various resistances are as follows: armature (including brush contact) 0.15 ohm, series field 0.025 ohm, interpole field 0.028 ohm, shunt field (including the field-regulator resistance) 115 ohm. The iron losses at full load are 780W, and the friction and windage losses 590W. Calculate the efficiency at full load. (10)

Q8. A vessel is due for International air Pollution Prevention Certificate renewal survey and company instructed to offer this vessel for survey at next port of call.

A. As a 2nd Engineer officer of above-mentioned vessel, what all checks you carry out and how you prepare for the IAPP renewal survey. (10)

B. What records, procedures, certificates etc., you will keep ready for attending surveyor verification. (10)

(Note: Based on the feedback received from candidates, the examiner has corrected Part ‘A’ to IAPP from IOPP)

Q7.  With reference to the exhaust gas boiler of your ship explain the following: (16)

a) Composition and reasons of soot deposits.

b) Various stages of soot fire leading to high temperature fire.

c) Procedure to be followed for firefighting under different stages of soot fire.

d) Actions required prior to dry running of an exhaust gas boiler.

Q8. With regards to modern diesel engine raising the Life Cycle Value (LCV) describe the importance of following. (16)

(a) Low Sac Volume of Fuel Injection Valve.

(b) Fuel Valve opening Pressure regulation.

(c) Contamination of combustion Chamber and impact on LCV.

(d) Contamination of lube oil and impact on LCV.

Q9. a) Describe the routine and preventive maintenance procedures carried out on a plate-type cooler used on ships. Explain the steps involved in dismantling. Inspection, cleaning, and reassembly of the plates. (8)

b) Explain the procedure for detecting internal leakage in a plate -type cooler. What are the indications of leakage during operation, and how can they be confirmed during maintenance?  (4)

c) Describe the backflushing procedure for a plate-type cooler when is it recommended, and how does it help in maintaining the efficiency of the heat exchanger. (4)

Q9.a) Briefly discuss the types of records that can be maintained electronically under MARPOL and the approval process for ERBs. (10)

b) Highlight the advantages of using ERBs compared to traditional paper-based record books and state the measures required to ensure data integrity and security. (10)

Q9. A. What are the factors which determine the synchronous speed of a motor? (6)

B. A 72 KVA transformer supplies a heating and lighting load of 12 KW at unity power factor and a motor load of 70 kVA at 0.766 (lagging) power factor; Calculate the minimum rating of the power-factor improvement capacitors which must be connected in the circuit the ensure that the transformer does not become overloaded. (10)

Q8. (a) Define longitudinal centre of gravity (LCG) and longitudinal centre of buoyancy (LCB). (6)

(b) The immersed cross-sectional areas of a ship 120m long, commencing from aft are 2, 40, 79, 100, 103, 104, 104, 103, 97, 58 and 0 m2. Calculate:

(i) Displacement

(ii) Longitudinal position of the centre of buoyancy. (10)

Q9. With reference to Modern Diesel Engine describe the features of High-pressure Miller cycle and discuss the following. (16)

(a) Reduction in Air Temperature due to Miller Cycle

(b) Recovery of Pressure in the Combustion chamber during the Miller cycle

(c) Effect of Miller Cycle on specific fuel consumption and NOx emission

(d) The impact on various parameters during low load operation using Miller cycle.

Q9. (a) Explain the action of EACH of the following metallurgical mechanism:

(i) Creep

(ii) Brinelling

(iii) Fretting

(iv) Fretting corrosion. (10)

(b) State, with reasons, where EACH of the mechanisms in occur in ship propulsion system. (6)

--- Previously Asked As ---

2022/JAN/08 - 2021/AUG/08

Q8. (a) Explain Creep, Brinelling , Fretting and Fretting corrosion.

(b) Where and why does creep, Brinelling, Fretting and Fretting corrosion occur in a ship propulsion system?

Q10. (A) Compare the effectiveness of a current limiting circuit breaker with that of a HRC fuse. (6)

(B) Evaluate for a frequency of 15 kHz, the amplification and the phase difference between input and output signals of a voltage amplifier using a triode having an amplification factor of 48 and a mutual conductance of 1.2 mA/V with an anode-load resistant of 160 k𝛀. The output p.d. is fed by a coupling capacitor of negligible reactance to a subsequent circuit of resistance 480 k𝛀 and the total shunt capacitance is 90 µF. (10)

Q10. A. What is the effect on fuel consumption per unit time, if the ship’s speed is outside its operation range?

B. An oil tanker 160m long and 22m beam floats at a draught of 9m in seawater. Cw is 0.865. The midships section is in the form of a rectangle with 1.2m radius at the bilges. A midships tank 10.5m long has twin longitudinal bulkheads and contains oil of 1.4 m³/t to a depth of 11.5m. The tank is holed to the sea for the whole of its transverse section.  Find the new draught.