DieselShip's Online Content Library

Q5. GHG Ratings of ships have become new industry norms-Discuss various types of GHG Ratings applied to international shipping, with special focus on the role of second engineers in improving GHG ratings of ships.

Q3. Name various statutory Certificates and Documents to be carried on board Gas Tankers giving reference to the conventions and justify for their requirement.

Q1. A. Sketch a transverse section through the hold space of a container ship hull;

B. Referring to the sketch in (A) describe how adequate structural strength is built into the hull.

Q1. With regard to the main turbine lubrication oil system:

a) (i) Describe the effects of tin oxide corrosion; (5)

(ii) Explain the actions to be taken if this occurs in a high-pressure turbine thrust bearing. (5)

b) Discuss the factors that determine the various filtration sizes: (6)

Q3. A. Give a brief outline of the care maintenance that should be given to the stator and rotor of an A.C. generator;

B. Explain what is likely to occur if the driving power of one A.C. generator suddenly fails when two generators are running in parallel. What safety devices are usually provided for such events?

Q3. With reference to 2-Stroke Slow Speed Engine:

A. Sketch and describe Main Engine Exhaust Valve.

B. List out a procedure for test of Main Engine Exhaust Valve after overhaul.

Q2. With reference to dry docking, define the responsibilities of the Second Engineer: (16)

A. Prior to docking.

B. Whilst the vessel is in dry dock.

C. Prior to flooding and leaving the dock.

Q2. a) C02 is to be released in engine room in case of fire. Briefly describe steps taken before it can be released. (7)

b) What means are provided to prevent inadvertent release of C02 in engine room? (7)

c) How the number of CO2 bottles required for a ship is calculated? (6)

Q2. a) Sketch a cylinder relief valve suitable for a large slow speed engine.

b) Describe its salient design features.

c) State the purpose of fitting such a device.

d) State the possible circumstances when the relief valve may lift and indicate the action to be taken to prevent damage to the engine.

Q4:  Comment on the reliability and maintenance requirements of two of the following;

(i) Pneumatic control equipment,

(ii) Electro-mechanical control equipment,

(iii) Electronic control equipment

(b) Discuss the routine attention required and the defects, which may occur in service.

Q2. a) Define creep and specify the conditions under which it occurs?

b) Discuss three metallurgical processing techniques that are employed to enhance the creep resistance of metal alloys

Q3. Compare methods of obtaining speed regulation of three-phase induction motor generally used in tankers by means of:

A. Rotor resistance; B. Cascade system; C. Pole-changing.

Give examples where each system may be employed with advantage.

Q3. A. Explain how the efficiency and regulation of a transformer can be assessed by open circuit and short circuit tests? (8)

B. What is meant by equivalent resistance? (4)

C. What is meant by all day transformer efficiency? (4)

Q3.a) Discuss the purpose and key provisions of SOLAS Chapter XI-1 and the special measures established to enhance maritime safety. (10)

b) Discuss the requirements for ship identification numbers, continuous synopsis records, and port state control. How do these measures contribute to the overall safety and security of maritime operations. (10)

Q3. With reference to the burning of heavy residual fuel in the main engine:

a) State with reasons FOUR modifications which need to be made as compared with the same engine burning distillate fuels.

b) State with reasons SIX properties you would require seeing in the specification for residual fuel indicating the effect EACH of these properties might have with respect to the storage and burning of the fuel.

Q3. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of adopting the following policies for maintenance of main and auxiliary diesel engines.

A. Planned maintenance.

B. Condition monitoring.

C. Periodic replacement of components. (16)

Q4. (a) Describe, with the aid of a sketch, an open loop system for reducing SOx emissions from engine exhaust gas, explaining how the system operates whilst the vessel is in open waters.

(b) Describe, with the aid of a sketch, a closed loop scrubber system for removing SOx from engine exhaust gas, explaining the operation of this unit and stating when it would be used.

Q5. With respect to Induced Vibrations in a ships hull:

A. State FOUR sources of excitation that may induce vibration into the main hull girder;

B. Suggest methods for reducing the vibration levels induced by EACH of the exciting forces in A.

Q4. a) What are the various types of corrosion that can occur in auxiliary boilers on ships? Describe each type, including its causes, symptoms, and potential consequences.

b) Discuss the preventive measures and maintenance practices that can be implemented to mitigate corrosion and ensure the efficiency of the auxiliary boiler.

Q3. With reference to a tubular heat exchanger, state the various types used on board a ship and explain with sketches how the construction, flow pattern, baffles, differ from each other depending upon the medium in use.

Q2. State how and why the following machinery items are effected when the maximum service speed of a Vessel is consistently maintained in heavy weather.

A. Intermediate shafting,

B. Propeller shafting,

C. Shafting coupling bolts,

D. Main thrust pads.

Q3.  A vessel is due for International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate renewal survey and company instructed to offer this vessel for survey at next port of call.

A. As a 2nd Engineer officer of above mentioned vessel, what all checks you carry out and how you prepare for the IOPP renewal survey.

B.  What records, procedures, certificates etc., you will keep ready for attending surveyor verification.

Q4. With reference to a 3 speed a.c. cage motor driven cargo winch:

A. Sketch a circuit diagram for a pole change motor;

B. Describe how speed change and braking are achieved.

Q4. Enumerate the causes of vibration in diesel machinery and shafting. Describe procedures by which it may be reduced by operating personnel, suitable design and devices. State the possible effects of vibration on machinery and crewmembers.

Q5. With reference to the condition monitoring of electrical machinery:

a) State the important parameters that may be recorded. (8)

b) Explain how the parameters are measured and what defects may be revealed. (8)

Q5. Briefly discuss the following with respect to safety of navigation:

A. Bridge Navigation Watchkeeping Alarm System (BNWAS) (5)

B. Long Range Identification and Tracking of ships (LRIT) (5)

C. Voyage Simplified Voyage Recorder (VDR/S-VDR) (5)

D. AIS-SART (5)

Q5. a) How is the specific fuel oil consumption (SFOC) of a ship’s main engine calculated? Outline the steps involved in the calculation, including the necessary measurements and formulae.

b) Discuss the factors that can influence SFOC and how it impacts the overall efficiency and operational costs of the vessel.

Q5. a) Describe how propeller shaft/stern bearing clearance is measured.

b) Identify with reasons the major factors which substantially determine the range of permissible clearance.

c) State with reasons what parts of propeller shafts should receive particularly close inspection upon withdrawal of such shafts for survey.

d) State why some propeller shafts require less frequent inspection than others.

Q2. With reference to Roll-on Roll-off ferries –

A. Describe the problem of free surface effect;

B. Explain how it is intended that water should be cleared from car or cargo decks;

C. Describe possible methods for improving the stability and survivability of these vessels.

Q5. With respect to refrigeration gases used on-board vessels, answer the following:

A. Explain Ozone Depleting Potential (ODP) and Global warming potential (GWP) of conventional refrigerant gases.

B. Name the alternate refrigerant gases available and being used onboard.

C. Explain the steps you will take to ensure that release of refrigerant gases from the plant in minimized during normal operation and during maintenance activities.

Q6.A. What do you understand by reserve buoyancy what happen if the lost buoyancy is greater than the reserve buoyancy? (6)

B. A forward deep tank 12 m long extends from a longitudinal bulkhead to the ship’s side. The widths of the tank surface measured from the longitudinal bulkhead at regular intervals are 10, 9, 7, 4 and 1 m. Calculate the second moment of area of the tank surface about a longitudinal axis passing through its centroid. (10)

Q6. Briefly discuss the working principles of the Hele Shaw pumps and swash plate pumps and how are they used in steering gear systems?

Q8.What are the core features of the FSS Code? (International fire safety systems code). Elaborate on any one test prescribed by the Code.

Q6. (a). Explain the significance of the root- mean- square value of an alternating current or voltage waveform; Define the form factor of such a wave form.

(b). A total load of 8000 kW at 0.8 power factor is supplied by two alternators in parallel. One alternator supplies 6000 kW at 0.9 power factor. Find the kVA rating of the other alternator and the power factor.

Q2. A. Describe with the aid of a sketch, the main engine ancillary equipment for automatic monitoring and regulation of fuel viscosity. B. Explain the operation of equipment described in Q. (A). C. Discuss the single fuel concept.

Q1. Sketch and show all parts of a two-stroke engine stuffing box. Describe the procedure of overhauling two stroke engine stuffing box, without removing piston. Answer should include all safety precautions and necessary tools used for stuffing box overhaul.

Q7. A. Explain how to distinguish between list and loll and describe how to return the ship to the upright in each case. (6)

B. A ship 120m long has a light displacement of 4000 tonne and LCG in this condition 2.5m aft of midships.  (10)

The following items are then added:

Cargo    10000 tonne      LCG 3.0 m          forward of midships

Fuel      1500 tonne        LCG 2.0 m          aft of midships

Water    400 tonne          LCG 8.0 m          aft of midships

Stores   100 tonne          LCG 10.0m         forward of midships

Using the following hydrostatic data, calculate the final draughts:

Draught (m) --- Displacement (t) --- MCTI cm (tm) --- LCB from midships (m) --- LCF from midships (m)
8.50 ---------- 16650 -------------- 183 ------------ 1.94 F ------------------ 1.20A
8.00 ---------- 15350 -------------- 175 ------------ 2.10 F ------------------ 0.60F

Q7.a) What is the NOx Technical File on board ships, and why it is important? Describe the information contained within this file and its role in ensuring compliance with MARPOL Annex VI regulations regarding nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions. (12)

b) Discuss the procedures for maintaining and updating the NOx Technical File and the potential consequences of non-compliance. (8)

Q7.a) What is the purpose of the main thrust bearing?

b) When checking the main thrust bearing, what dimensional checks would be necessary?

c) How is a thrust bearing cooled?

d) Describe, with a sketch, the special chocking arrangements normal to thrust bearing.

Q7. a) Explain the concept of a fail-safe and fail-set system on a ship, providing examples of each system.

b) Describe the advantages and disadvantages of both systems.

c) How do the design differences impact the overall reliability and safety of the vessel.

Q7. A. Electric motors contain a stationary member as well as a rotating member. For each of the following machines, identify in which part of the motor three field winding and the armature winding are located: three phase induction motor, three phase synchronous motor, d.c. motor.

B. A 220 V, d.c. shunt motor has an armature resistance of 0.5 ohm and an armature current of 40 A on full load. Determine the reduction in flux necessary for a 50 per cent reduction in speed. The torque for both conditions can be assumed to remain constant.

Q7. What is Rocking test of Deck Crane? Explain the procedure of rocking test. Tabulate and indicate fault finding procedure. What is the action taken if deviation is out of limit?

Q1.Petroleum vapours are dangerous substances and when mixed with air can be ignited. a) i) sketch an explosimeter or combustion gas indicator which can be used to check the atmosphere of a tank or pumproom.

ii) describe the explosimeter and its operation

iii) state one reason that may cause the explosimeter to give a false reading

b) for flammable mixtures, explain the meaning of the terms lower and upper flammable limits

Q2. a) During an inspection it is noticed that tie rods of certain main engine units have become slack, state with reasons the possible causes of this.

b) Explain how correct tension is restored and the risk of future slackness minimized.

c) A tie rod has fractured and cannot be replaced immediately, State with reasons the course of action to be adopted in order to allow the engine to be operated without further damage.

Q6. (a) Explain why highly efficient diesel engines tend to produce more NOx than low performance diesel engines.

(b) Describe, with the aid of a sketch, a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) unit for a marine propulsion diesel engine.

(c) Explain why accurate monitoring of the exhaust gas flows entering and leaving a Selective Catalytic Reduction unit are required and how these readings are used to control the reduction chemical supplied to the SCR unit.

Q8. A) Explain how the distribution of masses affects rolling and pitching. (6)

B) A ship turns in a circle of radius 100 metres at a speed of 15 knots. The GM is 2/3 metres and BG is 1 metre. If g = 981 cm/sec2 and 1 knot is equal to 1.8532 Km/hour, find the heel due to turning. (10)

Q9. A. Show how the power that is transferred across the air gap of the three-phase induction motor is represented. Explain the terms. What portion of this is useful power?

B. A 440 load of 400 KW at 0.8 (lagging) power factor is jointly supplied by two alternator A and B. The KW load on A is 150 KW and the KVAr load on B is 150 KVAr (lagging). Determine the KW load on B, the KVAr load on A, the power factor of operation on each machine and the current loading of each machine.

Q6. A. Sketch a line diagram showing the layout components of a hydraulic system with a variable delivery, Pressure compensated pump and accumulator, suitable for the operation of deck machinery.

B. Describe the operation of the system sketched in part 6 (a).

Q9.a) Briefly discuss the types of records that can be maintained electronically under MARPOL and the approval process for ERBs. (10)

b) Highlight the advantages of using ERBs compared to traditional paper-based record books and state the measures required to ensure data integrity and security. (10)

Q9. a) What is the role of a thermostatic expansion valve in a refrigeration system on a ship? Sketch and describe its working principle.

b) Discuss the importance of proper adjustment and maintenance for efficient system operation and consequences of a malfunctioning thermostatic expansion valve on the refrigeration cycle.

Q9. What are the differences between destructive and non-destructive testing methods for materials? Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each approach and provide examples of specific tests used in both categories to ensure the integrity and quality of materials used in shipbuilding.

Q9. A) Describe the effect of cavitations on the propeller blades. (6)

B) A propeller 4.6m diameter has a pitch of 4.3m and boss diameter of 0.75 m. The real slip is 28% at 95 rev/min. Calculate the speed of advance, thrust and thrust power.  (10)

Q10. A.  Explain the preference for a 60 Hz system. Describe the dangers of running a 50 Hz system from a 60 Hz supply.

B. A ring-main, 900m long, is supplied at a point A at a p.d. of 220V. At a point B, 240m from A, a load of 45A is drawn from the main, and at a point C, 580m from A, measured in the some direction, a load of 78A is taken from the main. If the resistance of the main (lead and return) is 0.25 ohm per kilometre, calculate the current which will flow in each direction round the main from the supply point A and the potential difference across the main, at the load where it is lowest.

Q6. A. Sketch and describe a flywheel that would be fitted to a large marine diesel engine; B. Show in the sketches how it is fitted and secured; C. What is the purpose of the flywheel? Recently some engine makers have considerably reduced the size of the flywheel. Explain how this can be done.

Q10. A) Describe the stability requirements of a ship for dry-docking. (6)

B) A ship 130m long displaces 14000 tonne when floating at draughts of 7.5m forward and 8.10m aft. GML – 125m, TPC – 18, LCF-3m aft of midships. Calculate the final draughts when a mass of 180 tonne lying 40m aft of midships is removed from the ship. (10)

Q10. A. (i) What is direct-connected alternator?

(ii)  How is a direct-connected exciter arranged in an alternator?

B. Find the synchronous impedance reactance of an alternator in which a given field current produces an armature current of 200 A on short circuit and a generated e.m.f. of 50V on open circuit. The armature resistance is 0.1 ohm. To what induced voltage must the alternator be excited if it is to deliver a load of 100A at a p.f of 0.8 lagging, with a terminal voltage of 200V.