DieselShip's Online Content Library

Q1. a) Describe a method of the attachment of bilge keels; (6)

b) State THREE reasons for not extending bilge keels the entire length of the vessel; (6)

c) Explain TWO principles of roll damping those bilge keels exploit. (4)

Q1. Describe a three-element feed water controller (i.e., regulator) measuring steam flow, drum level and feed water flow and explain what relationship is maintained between the three variables and how?

Q7. With reference to the SOLAS 1974/1978 Convention as amended, which outlines mandatory requirements for steering gear tests and drills?

A. Describe the test procedure to be carried out within the, 12 hours before departure on a sea-voyage;

B. Describe the emergency steering drills that must take place at least once every, 3 months;

C.  State how often the test in (A) and the drill in (B) should be carried out for ships which regularly engage on voyages of short duration.

Q1. With regard to the main turbine lubrication oil system:

a) (i) Describe the effects of tin oxide corrosion; (5)

(ii) Explain the actions to be taken if this occurs in a high-pressure turbine thrust bearing. (5)

b) Discuss the factors that determine the various filtration sizes: (6)

Q3. Differentiate between squirrel cage and wound rotor motor of the three phases: a.c. induction. In respect of the following; A. Rotor construction, B. Torque characteristic, C. Speed variation.

Q5. Sketch and describe the arrangement of a main engine camshaft chain. Describe the repair procedure following fracture of one chain link during operation of the engine. Give possible reasons for the failure and explain how the chain is set initially at the correct degree of tension.

Q2: A new instrument by IMO ‘For the Control and Management of ships Ballast Water and sediments’ will be in force soon. In relation to this discuss the following.

A. The need for such a convention. (6)

B. What are the options available for treatment of Ballast Water, and the methods being used presently? (8)

C. What are the responsibility as a flag State and port State? (6)

Q2. Periodical Lubricating Oil Analysis, its correct interpretation and corrective measures are of critical significance for the maintenance of marine machineries. With reference to the modern analysis techniques employed for the condition of L.O, discuss the following:

A) Elemental (Spectrometric) Analysis

B) Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy

C) Particle Count

D) Base Number Vs Acid Number

Q3: With reference to dry docking, define the responsibility of the second engineer;

A. Prior to docking;

B. Whilst the vessel is in dry dock;

C. Prior to flooding and leaving the dock.

Q5. With reference to an emergency source of electrical power in cargo ships: -

A. Describe a typical power source.

B. Give a typical list of essential services, which must be supplied simultaneously;

C. Explain how the emergency installation can be periodically tested.

Q4. Describe the method of setting the safety valves of an exhaust gas boiler at sea.

a. State the limits in terms of percentage above maximum design working pressure, for setting safety valves. (8)

b. State the formality necessary when chief engineer sets the safety valves. (8)

Q6. Sketch and describe a “fail safe steering gear” suitable for use on a tanker of more than 100,000 T dwt; Explain the sequence of events that take place when an oil leak takes place in one of the hydraulic pipe lines.

Q3. What statutory certificates need to be carried by an Indian flagged special trade passenger vessel? Name the certificates and state the validity of each of the certificates. (20)

Q3. a) Describe the Inspection and maintenance of flameproof enclosures for luminaries installed in hazardous condition. (10)

b) List the precautions to be taken while carrying out insulation resistance test of electrical equipment located in a hazardous area. (6)

Q3. (a) Why is the axial clearance of a main thrust bearing an important dimension?

(b) How is this clearance measured?

(c) Describe how the thrust pads are removed for inspection and state what you would look for in particular.

Q1. With reference to International Load Line Statutory Certification,

A. State the reasons for the freeboard requirements;

B. (i) Explain the term “conditions of assignments”;

(ii) List the items that may be examined during a Load line survey after a vessel’s major repairs in the dry-dock.

Q3. The direct online start of squirrel cage motor is used for most electrical drives on a.c. powered ships. Describe with sketches as necessary one method of overcoming each of the following Problems:

A. High starting current; B. Low starting torque.

Q5. A. State why fixed pitch propellers have a poor efficiency when going astern.

B. With reference to controllable pitch propellers state:

i. Why is it preferable that the main servomotor be housed in the propeller hub rather than in the shafting forward of the propeller shaft?

ii. What regular maintenance and checks should be carried out to ensure maximum reliability of the gear at all times?

Q4: A. With reference to MARPOL 73/78, elaborate upon the Second Engineer’s responsibilities with regard to – (10)

i) Avoidance of pollution near coastal and port areas.

 ii) Avoidance of pollution of port atmosphere with smoke.

B. With reference to SOLAS 74 as amended, discuss the following: (10)

i) How fire alarms are distinguished from other alarms.

ii) The requirements for an emergency power supply

Q4: With reference to engine remote control and monitoring systems:

a) Explain how the location and nature of a fault may be determined if the instrument panel in the control room is indicating a low reading for a cylinder exhaust; (6)

b) State, with reasons, THREE sources of potential problems when choosing the location for transducers and signal transmission systems; (5)

c) In the event of complete failure of the remote control and monitoring system state how you, as 2nd Engineer, would organize the engine room personal to ensure safe manning of the engine room and list SIX main engine parameters, which should be manually recorded. (5)

Q4. a) Describe the actions and checks required to ensure that a crosshead main propulsion engine may be operated in a slow steaming condition. (8)

b) Explain the problems which may arise during a prolonged period of slow steaming (4)

c) Explain what actions should be taken before and after the engine is returned to normal operation after a period of slow steaming (4)

Q2. State how and why the following machinery items are effected when the maximum service speed of a Vessel is consistently maintained in heavy weather.

A. Intermediate shafting,

B. Propeller shafting,

C. Shafting coupling bolts,

D. Main thrust pads.

Q4. A. (i) Discuss the various hazards and problems which are associated with electric cable Insulation in the event of fire.

(ii) Suggest remedies for these problems.

B. State how the spread of fire may be reduced by the method used for installing electric cables.

Q3. A. Describe the preparation necessary before the application (in dry dock) of sophisticated or approved long life coating to the underwater surface of the hull.

B. State the significance of the roughness profile.

C. List the different sophisticated coatings which are available.

Q5. Referring to the Maritime labour Convention (MLC) 2006, discuss:-

a) Flag State & Port State responsibilities. (5)

b) On-board & On-shore Complaint Procedures. (5)

c) Detainable deficiencies. (5)

d) Grievance Redressal Mechanisms for Indian seafarers. (5)

Q5. a) Explain why an engine’s cylinders should develop equal power at all loads, indicating the possible consequences if cylinder power balance is not maintained (6)

b) Describe ONE method which may be used for assessing cylinder power, explaining the steps involved in the assessment (4)

C) Explain how the cylinder power adjustments are made to achieve cylinder power balance (6)

Q2. A. Describe the arrangement made in a main structural bulkhead for a watertight door aperture; B. Explain a procedure for ensuring that sliding watertight doors are operated safely. C. Differentiate between the categories of watertight door and state the regulation pertaining each type.

Q1. Suggest a procedure (in about 200 words) to the Chief Engineer, as to how you propose to ensure that the engine room overhead crane is maintained and operated correctly.  What tests certificates are required for the overhead crane, and who is the issuing authority.

Q5. A. What are the causes of overheating of an induction motor?

B. What preventive measures are provided against damage to an induction motor in installed condition? C. What is the purpose of ‘fuse back up protection’ provided to an induction motor? D. How does an induction motor develop torque?

E. What is the condition to be satisfied for achieving maximum running torque in an induction motor?

Q1. A. Explain the ideal design requirements of a ships propeller; B. briefly describe the propeller maintenance that should be carried out to prevent the fuel being wasted.

Q6. a) With reference to shipboard sewage systems, describe the principle of operation of EACH of the following types: (10)

I. Flow through system;

II. Collection / Holding / transfer system;

III. Zero discharge system.

b) Explain why sewage systems involving aerobic action are to be preferred to those with anaerobic action. (10)

Q6: With reference to electro-hydraulic steering gears:

A. Sketch and describe a steering gear with two 50% torque units conforming to the single failure criteria. (8)

B. State, with reasons, the precautions necessary when operating on two rams only; (4)

C. Describe the tests necessary to ascertain that the gear will operate as required when one side of the circuit develops a malfunction. (4)

Q5. a) Describe, with the aid of a sketch, the arrangement of the Gas and liquid fuel systems at the cylinder of a dual fuel 4-stroke engine, stating the input and output signals at the controller.

(b) Describe the arrangement of the gas fuel piping system used for a 4 stroke dual fuel engine with safety features incorporated.

Q6. a) Describe how the distribution of mass within the ship affects the rolling period. (6)

b) The righting moments of a ship at angles of heel of 0, 15°, 30°, 45°, and 60° are 0, 1690, 5430, 9360 and 9140 kN-m respectively. Calculate the dynamical stability at 60°. (10)

Q6. A. What are the characteristics of PN junction diode? Point out its specifications. Also point out the significance of dynamic and static resistances.

B. Draw the circuit of Half-wave rectifier and its output waveform. A diode whose internal resistance is 20 is to supply power to 1000 load from 110 V (RMS) source. Calculate

(i) peak load current, (ii) DC load current, (iii) AC load current.

Q4. A. State the laboratory tests that may be carried out on specimens of steel for ships’ plate giving reasons for the tests.

B. The basic compositions of two ships’ plates are given in Table below one is an example of modem practice whilst the other is a specification of a 1940’s tanker that split in two due to brittle fracture. Compare these two specifications critically and explain which of these two steels would be most resistant to brittle fracture

Q7. With reference to equipment supplied to detect and combat hold fires in dry cargo ships:

a) Describe, for a ship that carries dangerous cargo, the bridge-based detection arrangement, (10)

b) Explain how fires described in (a) above are dealt with bearing in mind that cargo quantity varies. (10)

Q7. a) Describe with aid of a line diagram the layout and components of a hydraulic system suitable for the operation of deck machinery (6)

b) Explain how the hydraulic system pressure is controlled assuming the use of a variable delivery pump. (5)

c)State which design of hydraulic motor is used in the system described in (a). (5)

Q7. a) Describe, with the aid of a sketch, a main engine holding down system explaining how the design features help prevent excessive stress in the holding down studs (8)

b) Describe, with the aid of a sketch, an engine top bracing arrangement, explaining why they are fitted and checked for operational performance (8)

Q7. With respect to the refrigeration system on board vessels, answer the following

a) Why are some TEVs fitted with an external equalizing connection?

b) What is the purpose of a back pressure valve. what will the effect if it leaks?

c)How does an electronic TEV function.

Q7. a) Describe briefly the significance of the factor of subdivision. (6)

b) A ship 120m long has a light displacement of 4000 tonne and LCG in this condition 2.5m aft of midships.  (10)

The following items are then added:

Cargo    10000 tonne      LCG 3.0 m          forward of midships

Fuel      1500 tonne        LCG 2.0 m          aft of midships

Water    400 tonne          LCG 8.0 m          aft of midships

Stores   100 tonne          LCG 10.0m         forward of midships

Using the following hydrostatic data, calculate the final draughts:

Q7. A. Describe the no-load saturation characteristic of a d.c. generator.

B. A d.c. motor takes an armature current of 110 A at 480 V. The resistance of the armature circuit is 0.2 . The machine has six poles and the armature is lap-connected with 864 conductors. The flux per pole is 0.05 Wb. Calculate;

(i) The speed;

(ii) The gross torque developed by the armature.

Q8. What is a “Cam"? Explain its function. With reference to its application in diesel engines

Discuss the requirement and the type of cam used in

a) Fuel Pump

b) Indicator drive

c) Inlet Valve

d) Exhaust Valve

e) Starting air distributor. (16)

Q8. With reference to four stroke diesel engine emission control:

(a) Describe how the Miller Cycle operates to control NOx emissions;

(b) Describe, with reasons, the modifications needed for a medium speed engine to operate on the Miller Cycle;

Q8. Discuss some of the factors which effect the shaft alignment of ships propulsion shafting. Suggest the most effective methods adopted for achieving the best possible alignment? (16)

Q8. A) Explain how the distribution of masses affects rolling and pitching. (6)

B) A ship turns in a circle of radius 100 metres at a speed of 15 knots. The GM is 2/3 metres and BG is 1 metre. If g = 981 cm/sec2 and 1 knot is equal to 1.8532 Km/hour, find the heel due to turning. (10)

Q6. As per the international convention for prevention from ships state the regulation and the annex to marpol 73/78 which requires oil tankers and other ships to carry a ship board oil pollution emergency plan approved by the vessel flag administration. Discus the mandatory requirement of SOPEP.

Q8. A. What is a commutator? Discuss its rectifying action in detail.

B. Calculate the e.m.f. generated by a 4-pole, wave wound armature having 40 slots with 18 conductors per slot when driven at 1000 r.p.m. The flux per pole is 0.015 wb.

Q9. List the objectives of an ISM Internal Audit of a ship? How an Internal Audit help in External

Audit of a vessel? Name the salient issues addressed in the Internal Audit and the persons responsible to carry out the same. (20)

Q9. With reference to machinery parts under cyclic loading, describe, with the aid of sketches, the propagation of even the smallest of cracks can lead to total component failure. (16)

Q9. A) Describe the effect of cavitations on the propeller blades. (6)

B) A propeller 4.6m diameter has a pitch of 4.3m and boss diameter of 0.75 m. The real slip is 28% at 95 rev/min. Calculate the speed of advance, thrust and thrust power.  (10)

Q1. Explain why auxiliary engine bottom-end bolts are prone to failure, even under normal running conditions. Identify those features, incorporated into the design of bottom-end bolts, to inhibit failure. Explain how this tendency is either aggravated or inhibited during maintenance and what checks are to be carried out.

Q9. A. Discuss different methods of speed control of a d.c. series motor by adjusting field ampere turns.

B. A 230 V, d.c. shunt motor runs at 1000 r.p.m and takes 5 amperes. The armature resistance of the motor is 0.025𝛀 and shunt field resistance is 230𝛀. Calculate the drop in speed when the motor is loaded and takes the line current of 41 amperes. Neglect armature reaction.

Q6. with reference to a slow speed diesel engine fitted with a single turbocharger. describe, with reasons, the possible action which could be taken to enable the main engine to be operated, If whilst on oceanic passage, a small portion of one of the impeller vanes breaks off and impacted with the charge air cooler.

Q10. A) Describe the stability requirements of a ship for dry-docking. (6)

B) A ship 130m long displaces 14000 tonne when floating at draughts of 7.5m forward and 8.10m aft. GML – 125m, TPC – 18, LCF-3m aft of midships. Calculate the final draughts when a mass of 180 tonne lying 40m aft of midships is removed from the ship. (10)

Q10. A. Why is a synchronous motor not self-starting? What are the various ways in which it can be started?

B. A 500V, single phase synchronous motor gives a net output mechanical power of 7.46kW and operates at 0.9 power factor lagging. Its effective resistance is 0.8 . If the iron and friction losses are 500 w and excitation losses are 800w, calculate the armature current and the commercial efficiency.