DieselShip's Online Content Library

Q1. A fire in the exhaust gas boiler on a motor ship may develop in two or three stages. With reference to such situations; discuss: A. The factors which could be responsible for initiation and development of: i) Ignition of soot; ii) Small soot fires; iii) High temperature fires; B. State the standing instruction you, as Second Engineer Officer, would issue to watch keepers with respect to the action to be taken in the event of a boiler uptake fire.

Q3. A. With reference to the underwater surface of a ship’s hull; i. Describe a hull plate roughness analyser system;

ii. State the significance of the roughness profile and compare the typical roughness values for a new ship and a ship eight years old;

B. Which reference to the application of self-polishing paint in dry dock - i. Describe the plate preparation necessary;

ii. State the defects that may occur in the paint coating if it is not correctly applied.

Q5. With reference to a three-phase shipboard electrical distribution system: A. Enumerate the advantages of an insulated neutral system; B. Enumerate the disadvantages of an insulated neutral system; C. Describe how the earthed neutral system is Earthed; D. Compare the use of an insulated neutral system as opposed to the use of an Earthed Neutral System with regard to the risk of electric shock from either system.

Q2. A. Discuss the possible reasons for the following changes in boiler water test results, and state what actions should be taken in each case: 1. Reduction in total dissolved solids and chemical reserves 2. Reduction in phosphate reserve, with increase in chlorides and total dissolved solids. 3. Reduction in alkalinity levels only. B. State why the complete results of boiler tests are logged or entered into a data retrieval system rather than a note being made of any particular result which may be outside set limits.

Q1. Describe how each of the following procedure may be accomplished by bridge control equipment for a direct reversing 2 stroke diesel engines - Setting the direction of rotation; Starting; Controlling speed

Q1. You have recently joined a vessel as Second Engineer Officer. For the past several voyages it has been the practice on board to dispense with the use of the exhaust gas boiler and leave it to run dry. As part of an overall economy drive the company wanted to re-commission the exhaust gas boiler. Explain as a second engineer officer, what inspections, checks, recommendations and precautions you will exercise/ensure for this exhaust gas boiler with regard to re-commissioning and bringing this exhaust gas boiler into service. how exhaust gas boiler safety valves adjusted.

Q1. With reference to membrane tanks for the carriage of liquefied gas at very low temperatures. A. Describe with a sketch one method of building up the insulation; B. State which alloy is used for the membrane and the reason; C. Describe with the aid of a sketch, how the tanks are located and supported. i) Longitudinally; ii) Transversely

Q3. A. Sketch a line diagram of an automatic water sprinkler fire detection/alarm and firefighting system fitted in accommodation and service spaces of passenger vessels; B. Describe the system sketched above and its mode of operation; C. State the action that should be taken after the use of sea water in the firefighting system

Q2. A. i.  Describe the characteristics of a d.c. motor. ii Explain the advantages of such a motor for deck machinery; B. Describe with the aid of a sketch a control system for the motor in (A).

Q8. Explain how EACH of the following hull defects should be dealt with;

(a) A cracked weld;

(b) A severe indentation in way of a frame;

(c) Surfaces suffering from general corrosion although the extent of wastage does not warrant plate replacement;

(d) A bilge keel fractured at the forward end.

Q7. With reference to auxiliary diesel engines, suggest probable causes that would create EACH of the following conditions and state how they would be rectified: A. Knocking; B. Loss of power; C, Loss of lubricating oil pressure

Q1. A. Describe an automatic self de-sludging centrifuge suitable for dealing with fuel of density upto 1010 kg/m3 at 150C;

B. Explain how the centrifuge described in Q4 (a) is able to remove water from a fuel which has a density that is higher than that of water and state factors that may assist the operation.

C. As Second Engineer, write down the start-up procedure for the centrifuge described in Q1 (A) for the benefit of your staff;

D. State how is the problem of catalytic fines in fuel oil may be dealt with.

Q1. With reference to International Load Line Statutory Certification,

A. State the reasons for the freeboard requirements;

B. (i) Explain the term “conditions of assignments”;

(ii) List the items that may be examined during a Load line survey after a vessel’s major repairs in the dry-dock.

Q2. A. A hydraulically operated ballast tank valve situated in the duct keel has failed to close. State as Second Engineer your procedure for directing safe entry by engine room staff to the duct keel to ascertain the cause and possibility to carry out a repair.

B. State if any procedure is to be followed before making an entry, and the relevant IMO code under which such procedures are required

Q4. List at least two factors that cause deterioration of the frequency response of a transistor amplifier. Explain how each factor affects the performance of the amplifier and the portion of the frequency range where it is effective.

Q7. A. With the aid of a simple sketch, explain the operation of a basic air-conditioning unit. B. With reference to your sketch, explain the following: - i. How the problem of increase in humidity on cooled air is overcome; ii. How discomfort caused by the excessive drying effect of heated air is overcome. C. Explain how a psychometric chart is used to check conditions.

Q3. With reference to large starting air receivers: A. Explain where corrosion is likely to occur and state why it occurs in these regions: B. State the how the incidence of corrosion in air receivers might be minimized; C. If serious corrosion is detected in a starting air receiver and that receiver must be used explain how you, as Second Engineer, would determine the maximum pressure to which the receiver should be subjected; D. State the further action a Chief engineer must take upon discovering such air receiver corrosion.

Q2.A. Explain how analysis of used lubricating oil can be used as a “health-monitoring” tool for diesel engines.

B. Describe how vibration measurement can be used with a main engine turbo-charger:

i. For fault analysis;

ii. For condition monitoring with respect to maintenance;

iii. As a substitute to opening up machinery for survey.

Q2. What are NOX & SOX limitations as per Annex VI of MARPOL. B. Briefly describe methods to control NOx emission and SOX emission.

Q2. State how and why the following machinery items are effected when the maximum service speed of a Vessel is consistently maintained in heavy weather.

A. Intermediate shafting,

B. Propeller shafting,

C. Shafting coupling bolts,

D. Main thrust pads.

Q6. Sketch and describe a pneumatically operated control valve Explain how the valve is operated if the controller fails. Discuss the routine maintenance required for these valves.

Q1. Differentiate with the aid of simple sketches between the following types of electronic circuits;

A. Rectifier circuit;

B. Amplifier circuit;

C. Oscillator circuit.

Q9. With reference to diesel engines fitted on board ships, discuss A. Sludge formation in lubricating oil systems, B. Role of additives in lubricating oils, C. Steps taken to ensure that treated oils are maintained in their optimum condition, D. Adverse effects on bearing metal due to incompatibility of lubricating oil.

Q4. With reference to hydraulic steering gears, sketch and describe each of the following: (A)Single failure concept;

(B)100 Percent redundancy.

Q5. Receiving of bunkers is an important aspect of a Senior Engineers responsibility, A. State the safety precautions that should be observed when bunkering; B. Explain the importance of taking samples when bunkering; C. Explain a preferred method of taking samples; D. Slate the details available in bunker delivery note BDN); E. State the effect of EACH of the following in a fuel oil - High density; High pour point; High water content.

Q2. With reference to Roll-on Roll-off ferries –

A. Describe the problem of free surface effect;

B. Explain how it is intended that water should be cleared from car or cargo decks;

C. Describe possible methods for improving the stability and survivability of these vessels.

Q3. A) Describe the circuit breaker for an a.c. generator using a sketch to show how arcing is Controlled.

(B)Explain the sequence of events that might occur if the breaker opens on a short circuit and state the check you would require following such event;

(C) Give a safe procedure to follow should a main circuit breaker fail to open under fault Condition.

Q4. Accidents regularly occur due to premature or accidental release of CO2 into machinery spaces. With reference to this, enumerate the procedure or arrangement that you as second engineer would adopt with respect of the following

A.  Contractors working on CO2 system;

B. Understanding between bridge and engine room in the event of a machinery space fire;

C. Familiarizing staff with the system;

D. Checks and tests are carried out before putting system in operation?

Q5. Give a reasoned explanation why some marine diesel engines might continue to run ahead on the astern cams following a reversal of the controls. Sketch and describe an arrangement designed to prevent this happening.

Q5. A. State why fixed pitch propellers have a poor efficiency when going astern.

B. With reference to controllable pitch propellers state:

i. Why is it preferable that the main servomotor be housed in the propeller hub rather than in the shafting forward of the propeller shaft?

ii. What regular maintenance and checks should be carried out to ensure maximum reliability of the gear at all times?

Q6. A. What do you understand by reserve buoyancy what will happen if the lost buoyancy is greater than the reserve buoyancy.

B. A ship of 8100 tonne displacement floats upright in seawater. KG = 7.5m and GM = 0.45m A tank, whose centre of gravity is 0.5m above the keel and 4m from the centreline, contains 100 tonne of water ballast neglecting free face effect, calculate the angle of heel when the ballast is pumped out.

Q5. With reference to oil monitoring of bilge and tanker ballast discharges:

A. Describe with the aid of a sketch the general arrangement of an oil monitoring system;

B.  State the inputs that are recorded;

C. Explain the difficulties encountered with the efficient operation of the monitoring systems.

Q6. With reference to auxiliary boiler safety valves: Describe how the valves are set to lift at the desired pressure under steam; Describe the precautions to be taken to ensure that the valve cannot be tampered with after setting is completed; Explain how safety valve can be opened manually in an emergency.

Q6. A. Explain what is meant by the terms wave form, frequency and average value.

B. A moving coil ammeter, a thermal ammeter and a rectifier are connected in series with a resistor across a 110 V sinusoidal a.c. supply. The circuit has a resistance of 50 to current in one direction and, due to the rectifier, an infinite resistance to current in the reverse direction. Calculate:

(i) The readings on the ammeters; (ii) The form and peak factors of the current wave.

Q5. Discuss the consequences of failure to maintain correct clearances in the case of main diesel engine crankshaft and bottom end bearings. Sketch a bottom end bearing paying particular attention to the arrangement of ensuring uninterrupted flow of oil to the top end bearing.

Q6. With regards to main transmission shaft flange coupling arrangements:

A. Sketch a hollow type coupling bolt and the hydraulic head/nut and loading rod which are used to fit it.

B. Describe how the bolt is fitted.

C. State the advantage of the hollow coupling bolt as compared to the traditional type of coupling bolt.

Q6. a) Describe how the distribution of mass within the ship affects the rolling period. (6)

b) The righting moments of a ship at angles of heel of 0, 15°, 30°, 45°, and 60° are 0, 1690, 5430, 9360 and 9140 kN-m respectively. Calculate the dynamical stability at 60°. (10)

Q1. a) What do you understand by the terms Convention, Protocol, Amendments? State in which order these will be adopted by the IMO? (10)

b) What procedure is nowadays followed for putting the amendments into effect? (10)

Q7. A. What is leakage flux as it applies to the iron-core transformer? How is it taken into account in the analysis of the transformer?

B. The following results were obtained on a 50KVA transformer: open circuit test-primary voltage, 3300V; secondary voltage, 415 V; primary power, 430 W. Short circuit test primary voltage, 124V; primary current, 15.3 A; primary power, 525 W; secondary current full load value. Calculate: (i) The efficiencies at full load and at half load for 0.7 power factor (ii) The Voltage regulations for power factor 0.7 (i) Lagging, (ii) leading (iii) The secondary terminal voltages corresponding to (i) and (ii)

Q6. A. Describe the survey procedure of an oil lubricated stern bearing and shaft. (8)

B. Explain how the integrity of the outboard seal of an oil lubricated stern tube may be proved before the dry-dock is flooded. (8)

Q7. Severe engine vibration has recently become evident when the main engine for which you are responsible operates within a certain speed range - State, with reasons, the possible causes of such vibration; State the consequences of operating the engine under such vibratory conditions; Describe the procedure you. As Second Engineer, would implement in order to investigate and rectify the problem.

Q7. A. Explain why centrifugal pumps cannot handle air or vapours to effect priming yet turbo- blowers operating on the same principle can.

B. If a vessel is fully laden, how may it be ascertained that the fire pump priming arrangements would operate satisfactorily in the ballast condition.

C. Explain a suitable method of priming suitable for a centrifugal pump.

Q6. A. Explain the term angle of loll and state what, if any dangers it poses to a vessel. B. A ship whose length is 110 m has MCTI cm 55 tonne m: TCP9; LCF 1.5 m forward of midships and floats at draughts of 4.20m forward and 4.45m aft. Calculate the new draughts after the following masses have been added, 20 tonne 40 m aft of midships; 50 tonne 23 m aft of midships; 30 tonne 02 m aft of midships; 70 tonne 06 m forward of midships; 15 tonne 30 m forward of midships;

Q6. Write short notes on - A. Role of Recognized Organization (Classification Societies) on ship; B. Enhanced survey program (ESP); C. Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS) for oil tankers.

Q8. A. What is silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)? How is the break over voltage of the SCR defined?  B. A d.c. motor takes an armature current of 110 A at 480 V. The resistance of the armature circuit is 0.2 . The machine has six poles and the armature is lap-connected with 864 conductors. The flux per pole is 0.05 Wb. Calculate - (i) The speed; (ii) The gross torque developed by the armature

Q2.  A. As Second Engineer, outline your instructions to members of the ship’s engineering staff for inspection of the main engine timing chain; B. The inspection in A. has revealed that the roller chain needs replacement. Describe how this is achieved.

Q8. Sketch the profiles of cams for each of the following duties, stating the type of engine concerned and giving reasons in each case for the particular profile shown - Jerk type fuel pump; Exhaust valve; Mechanically operated fuel valve; Starting air valve.

Q5. A. Describe a transverse bow thrust unit using CPP, mention how it should be made to support and how the strength of thrust and reverse thrust are achieved;

B. State with reasons, a suitable prime mover for the controllable pitch propeller;

C. State whether the thrust unit delivers a relatively low pressure head with high volume output or high pressure head with low volume output.

Q9. Describe the effect of cavitaion on: i. The thrust and ordque; ii. The propeller blades B. A ship 150m long and 19m beam floats at a draught of 8m and last a block coefficient of 0.68 i) if the admicatry coefficient is 600 calculate the shaft power required at 18 knots; ii) If the speed is now increased to 21 knots, and within this speed range resistance varies as speed find the new shaft power.

Q9. What is meant by “Control and Management of Ships ballast water and sediments” Why is this term so significant with reference to shipping in recent times.

Q9. A. Show how the power that is transferred across the air gap of the three-phase induction motor is represented. Explain the terms. What portion of this is useful power? B. The primary and secondary windings of a 500 Kva transformer have resistance of 0.42 and 0.0019 respectively. The primary and secondary voltages are 11 000 V and 415 V respectively and the core loss is 2.9 Kw, assuming the power factor of the load to be 0.8. Calculate the efficiency on (i) Full load; (ii) Half load;

Q9: A heavy Oil purifier vibrates badly when just shutting down and coming to a stop. Suggest some reasons for this vibration problem, when you have already made an inspection of its drive mechanism and casing and found nothing unusual.

Q9.  Reverse osmosis is one of the alternative method for shipboard production of drinking water.

(a)  Describe using simple diagrams if necessary,  the principle of reverse osmosis.

(b) (i) Sketch a line diagram showing a single pass system for producing fresh water from sea water

(ii) Describe such a system.

Q8. A. Describe the procedure for speed, Power and fuel consumption trials. B. An oil tanker has LBP 142m, beam 18.8m and draught 8m. It displaces 17000 tonne in seawater of 1.025 1/m3. The face pitch ratio of the propeller is 0.673 and the diameter 4.8m. The results of the speed final show that the true slip may be regarded as constant over a range of speeds of 9 to 12 knots and is 35% the wake fraction may be calculated from the equation: W=0.5Cb = 0.05. If the vessel uses 20 tonne of fuel per day at 12 knots and the consumption varies as speed. Find the consumption per day at 100 rev/min.

Q10. A 100 Kw, 460 V shunt generator was run as a motor on no load at its rated voltage and speed. The total current taken was 9.8 A, including a shunt current of 2.7 A. The resistance of the armature circuit at normal working temperature was 0.11  Calculate the efficiencies at i. Full load; ii. Half load