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Q7. a) Describe the no-load saturation characteristic of a D.C. generator. (6)

b) Find the synchronous impedance and reactance of an alternator in which a given field current produces an armature current of 200 A on short-circuit and a generated e.m.f. of 50V on open- circuit. The armature resistance is 0.1 ohm. To what induced voltage must the alternator be excited if it is to deliver a load of 100A at a p.f. of 0.8 lagging, with a terminal voltage of 200V. (10)