Q1. With respect to the properties of fuel oil, explain the significance of the following terms. (4X4)
(a) Calculated Carbon Aromaticity Index (CCAI).
(b) Open flash point and Closed flash point.
(c) The importance of Sodium to Vanadium Ratio.
(d) Octane Number.
Q1. With reference to the fuel standards ISO-8217-2017 discuss the amendments made as compared to its previous edition. Explain the significance of the following:
(a) Pour point, cloud point and cold filter plugging point.
(b) Cat fines
(c) Fatty Acid methyl Ester
(d) Dissolved H2S in fuel.
Q3. Damage has occurred to the main engine valves and the fuel supplied at a particular port is suspected. The owner’s case, however, in the subsequent dispute may be weak because the fuel was ordered specifying only type and viscosity.
A. Apart from fuel specification, describe how you, as Second Engineer, should have assisted the owners’ case when receiving the suspect fuel.
B. Describe the ISO fuel standard that is to be used when ordering bunker fuel.
C. Explain how the correct fuel standard is selected.
D. Suggest, with reasons, why particular mention should be made of certain elements that might not be included in the fuel standard.
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