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Q2. A. State with reasons the main causes of normal cylinder liner wear; B. State TWO forms of abnormal liner wear, explaining how EACH may be caused; C. Explain how cylinder liner wear may be kept within acceptable limit

Q2. Describe with aid of sketches, a turbocharger bearing lubrication system, stating the type of bearing employed and explaining the advantages and disadvantages of the lubricating system described. One of the turbochargers of the main engine on the vessel aboard which you are serving as second engineer has suffered a sudden and unexpected failure. Write a letter to the ship owner/operator concerning the incident and stating the action taken in bringing the turbocharger back into service.

Q4. A. Briefly describe the causes and effects of bacterial attack of lubricating oil.

B. Bacterial activity has been detected in the lubricating oil of the main engine fitted in the ship aboard which you are serving as 2ndeng. Write a letter to the owner/operator of the ship indicating the action you intent to take and offer suggestion to the avoidance of future incidents.

Q4. Misalignment of the main shafting between engine and propeller causes bearing overloads and shaft stress;

A. State the difficulties associated with checking shaft alignment and the reasons why results are unreliable due to external factors;

B. Explain with a simple sketch how a bearing load is assessed.

C. Explain how uneven loading could be rectified

Q2. Sketch a Main Engine air starting distributor and describe how it operates.

List the safety devices and interlocks incorporated in main engine air starting system and state the purpose of each.

Q5. Sketch and describe the arrangement of a main engine camshaft chain. Describe the repair procedure following fracture of one chain link during operation of the engine. Give possible reasons for the failure and explain how the chain is set initially at the correct degree of tension.

Q4. With reference to Main engine piston rings:

(a) Analyze the causes of piston ring breakage.

(b) How maintenance and engine operation can minimize piston ring breakage.

(c) Explain the possible consequences with respect to performance and safety of operating the engine with broken or severely worn piston rings

Q8. With reference to main boiler super heater arrangements:

(a) Compare the advantages and disadvantages of contra flow with parallel flow design.

(b) How the element tube bank is supported and yet allow for expansion?

(c) How boiler carryover affects super heater effectiveness?

Q9. If a main engine piston seizes in its liner at sea and it is not possible to replace the unit, explain, in detail, what provisions are made in the engine, to enable the ship to reach port?