LIQUIFIED GAS CARGOS
Liquified Gas Cargoes
The following are petroleum and Chemical products which are gases at normal temperatures and pressures but carried as a liquid by means of Refrigeration, pressurisation or a combination of both.
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Saturated Hydrocarbons(Alkanes)- stable and unreactive, tend to come in unpure state with some degree of contamination |
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Methane |
CH4 |
-161.6'C |
LNG |
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Ethane |
C2H6 |
-88.6'C |
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Propane |
C3H8 |
-42'C |
LPG |
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Butane |
C4H10 |
-0.5'C |
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Unsaturated Hydrocarbons-reactive and unstable. Polymerise (solidify) when come into contact with air |
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Ethylene |
C2H2 |
-103.7'C |
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Propylene |
C3H6 |
-47.7'C |
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Butylene |
C4H8 |
-6.9'C |
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Butadiene |
C4H6 |
-4.5'C |
Highly reactive, a chemical inhibitor must be added to allow it to be transferred |
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Chemical Cargoes- very reactive,made very pure |
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Ammonia |
NH3 |
-33.4'C |
COnsidered to be inflammable although it will burn |
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VInyl Chloride Monomer VCM) |
C2H3Cl |
-13.8'C |
This is the basis of PVC |
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Ethylene Oxide |
C2H4O |
+10.7'C |
Extremely Flammable |
Alkanes
These are saturated hydrocarbons with the formula CnH2n+2. All above are gasses at normal temperatures and pressures, Pentane, Hexane etc are liquid under normal conditions. Butane and above may occur as isomers
(look for the longest chain then count the number of Methane [methyl] like pairs
Odorisers
Ethyl-Mercapton C2H5SH is one of the additives added to normally odourless methane and others before it is distributed to make detection easier
Alkenes
These are unsaturated hydrocarbons with the formula CnH2n. There is no equivalvent to methane.
Inhibitors
alkenes can react when you don't want them to . They polymerise to form one single long molecule. Inhibitors are put in to prevent the double bond acting.
