How Can Air Line Explode? For a fire to happen, it has to complete the three sides of the fire triangle namely-Heat, Fuel & Air. In an air starting system of main engine, fuel may be present in the form of lube oil carried over from the air compressor. Moreover, oxygen is present in the system in abundance. The heat source may come from a leaking starting air valve fitted on the cylinder head and the combination of these three in proper ratio will lead to an air line explosion.   Precaution and Prevention For precaution against explosion on starting air line different safety devices and arrangements are fitted. They are Relief Valve: It is fitted on the common air manifold which supplies air to the cylinder head. Normally fitted at the end of the manifold and it lifts the valve in the event of excess pressure inside the manifold. The advantage of relief valve is it will...

Procedure for the Launching of Lifeboats Drills are to be carried out at the Master’s discretion, in line with Solas requirements, and addition safety precautions may be implemented. If routinetesting cannot be conducted, the issue must be reported to the Superintendent. Required work permits, risk assessments, and Tool-Box Talks are to be completed. A minimum of one Deck Officer, one Engine Officer, two ABs, and one other Officer are to be present, with radio, throughout the drill period.   All Officers engaged in the operation must be familiar with the equipment supplied on board, and know how to operate it. The Officer in charge of lowering the life boat must be in full control of operations at all times. Run out fore and aft painters, securing to deck bits, ensuring correct tension. Once correct tension is found consideration should be given to marking the painter. Ensure brake lever is securely...

Boiler safety valve is set to lift at any pressure, but not more than 3% above working pressure. Also the safety Valve re-sits at 5% below working pressure.  There are 2 safety valves. Both the safety valves are to be set at a pressure not exceeding 3% of the normal working pressure (stamped on name plate). Let us say the working pressure of the boiler is 7 bar. 3% of 7 bar is (7+0.21) = 7.21 bar.  which means, both the safety valves have to be set at a pressure not exceeding 7.21 bar.  Apart from that, let us say one of the valves have been set at a pressure say 7.15 bar (assuming two digit decimal even though the practice is not referring to 2 digits), then the other valve must be set at a pressure range of 10% within this. i.e the other valve setting must be 7.16 bar....

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Engineering terms The system of measurement has been outlined with an introduction to SI units. Some of the common terms used in engineering measurement will now be described. Mass Mass is the quantity of matter in a body and is proportional to the product of volume and density. The unit is the kilogram and the abbreviation used is 'kg'. Large quantities are often expressed in tonnes (t) where 1 tonne = 10s kg. Force Acceleration or retardation of a mass results from an applied force. When unit mass is given unit acceleration then a unit of force has been applied. The unit of force is the newton (N). force = mass X acceleration N kg m/s2 Masses are attracted to the earth by a gravitational force which is the product of their mass and acceleration due to gravity (g). The value of'g' is 9.81 m/s2. The product of mass and 'g'...